Semester Ii Physiology Gfr And Rpf

Front 1

Amount Excreted = ___________

Back 1

Amount filtered + amount secreted - amount reabsorbed

Front 2

GFR is determined by the pressure difference btwn the _____ and ____, as well as by their physical characteristics.

Back 2

cappilary and bowmans capsule

Front 3

NFP= ______________

Back 3

(Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure + Bowmans oncotic pressure) - (Bowmans hydrostatic pressure + Glomerular oncotic pressure)

Front 4

The filtration coefficient (Kf) is a constant describing the _____ and ____ of the glomerular cappilary.

Back 4

hydraulic permeability, surface area

Front 5

GFR= ____ x _____, and its normal value is ____.

Back 5

NFP, Kf, 125mL/min

Front 6

Physiologically GFR is controlled through ____ and ____.

Back 6

Kf, Pgc

Front 7

Kf and Pgc are controlled through _____ and _____, respectively.

Back 7

mesangial cell contraction, afferent and efferent arteriolar resistance.

Front 8

The magnitude of ____ decreases along the length of a glomerular cappilary because ______ pressure increases.

Back 8

GFR, oncotic

Front 9

Increased RPF causes an increase in ____, because _____ pressure is reduced.

Back 9

GFR, oncotic

Front 10

Afferent vasocontriction causes ____ in GFR and _____ in RPF.

Back 10

decreases, decrease

Front 11

Afferent vasodilation causes ____ if GFR and ____ in RPF.

Back 11

increased, increase

Front 12

Efferent vasocontriction causes ____ in GFR and ____ in RPF.

Back 12

increase, decrease

Front 13

Efferent vasodilation caues ____ in GFR and ____ in RPF.

Back 13

decrease, increase

Front 14

Peritubular cappilary pressure is ____ due to resistance of efferent arteriole.

Back 14

low

Front 15

Peritubular oncotic pressure is ____ due to _____.

Back 15

high, protein free filtrationg into bowmans capsule

Front 16

Peritubular net filtration pressure favors ____ of water.

Back 16

reabsorption

Front 17

Macula densa senese tubular fluid change and initiates changes in renal ____ arteriole resistance.

Back 17

afferent

Front 18

The macual densa is located on the wall of the ___.

Back 18

thick ascending limb of loop oh henle

Front 19

The fluid in the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle is ___.

Back 19

hypotonic

Front 20

An increase in GFR due to increase in RPF causes ___ Na and Cl reabsorbtion, and ____ salt content bathing the macula densa.

Back 20

less, more

Front 21

Sodium uptake by the macula densa is via a _____, depolarizing the cells and causing the uptake of _____.

Back 21

Na-H antiport, Ca ions

Front 22

Ca ion uptake by macula densa causes release of ___ from the basolateral surface.

Back 22

ATP

Front 23

ATP or adenosine causes ____ of ____ cells and ____ arterioles.

Back 23

contraction, messangial, afferent

Front 24

Contraction of mesangial cells decreses _____.

Back 24

Kf (decreases area for filtration)

Front 25

Increased sympathetic stimulation ____ GFR and RPF by effecting on ____ receptors.

Back 25

decreases, alpha-1 (G alpha q- phospholipase IP3 cascade)

Front 26

Increased sympathetic nerve activity stimulates ___ release and the subsequent formation of the vasocontrictor ______.

Back 26

renin, angiotensin II

Front 27

Angiotensin acts on ____ cells reducing ____.

Back 27

mesangial cells (higher [C] affects afferent), Kf (GFR and RPF)

Front 28

____ is produced in the kindeys by vascular smooth muscle cells, mesangial cells, endothelial cells, and tubule epithelial cells.

Back 28

prostoglandins

Front 29

____ serve a protective function preventing excessive contraction at times of sympathetic nerve stimulation and angiotensin II release.

Back 29

prostoglandins

Front 30

Low angiotensin levels cause a preferential increase in ____ arteriole resistance.

Back 30

efferent

Front 31

NSAID inhibit cox1 and cox2 therefore preventing ___ synthesis.

Back 31

prostoglandin

Front 32

NSAID does not significantly alter GFR and RPF but can cause acute renal failure in patients with _____.

Back 32

elevated renal vasocontraction

Front 33

____ and __ are released by the heart and brain in response to increases in central blood volume.

Back 33

ANP, BNP

Front 34

ANP and BNP cause ____ in afferent arterioles, inhibit reabsorption of ___ in collecting ducts, ____ synthesis, and the action of _____.

Back 34

dilate, Na, renin, angiotensin II