Semester 2 Vocab Terms 7Th Grade

Front 1

air mass

Back 1

a huge body of air that has the same temp, pressure and humidity throughout

Front 2

allele

Back 2

different forms of a gene

Front 3

anticyclone

Back 3

a high pressure center of dry air

Front 4

chlorophyll

Back 4

a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants

Front 5

chromosome

Back 5

double rods of DNA found in the cell's nucleus

Front 6

condensation

Back 6

the process by which molecules of water vapor become liquid water

Front 7

conduction

Back 7

the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching

Front 8

continental drift

Back 8

the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface

Front 9

convection

Back 9

the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid

Front 10

crust

Back 10

the layer of rock that forms Earth's surface

Front 11

dew point

Back 11

the temperature at which condensation begins

Front 12

fermentation

Back 12

the process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen

Front 13

front

Back 13

the area where air masses meet and do not mix

Front 14

genetics

Back 14

the study of scientific heredity

Front 15

genotype

Back 15

an organisms genetic makeup, or allele combination

Front 16

heredity

Back 16

the passing of traits from parent to offspring

Front 17

hurricane

Back 17

a tropical storm that has winds of 119 km or higher

Front 18

hybrid

Back 18

two different alleles for a trait; heterozygous

Front 19

inner core

Back 19

the dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of the Earth

Front 20

lightning

Back 20

a sudden spark when electrical charges jump between clouds or between clouds and the ground

Front 21

mantle

Back 21

the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core

Front 22

mitosis

Back 22

stage of the cell cycle where the nucleus divides and a copy of DNA goes to each new daughter cell

Front 23

nucleus

Back 23

the organelle that directs the cell's activities

Front 24

organelle

Back 24

tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function in the cell

Front 25

outer core

Back 25

a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core

Front 26

phenotype

Back 26

an organisms physical appearance, what it looks like

Front 27

photosynthesis

Back 27

the process by which plants capture the sun's energy and use it to make food

Front 28

precipitation

Back 28

any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches the Earth's surface

Front 29

probability

Back 29

a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur

Front 30

Punnett square

Back 30

a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that result from a genetic cross

Front 31

purebred

Back 31

offspring of many generation that have the same traits; homozygous

Front 32

radiation

Back 32

the direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

Front 33

relative humidity

Back 33

the % of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount it could hold at that temp.

Front 34

replication

Back 34

the process by which a cell makes a copy of DNA

Front 35

respiration

Back 35

the process by which cells break down food to release energy

Front 36

storm

Back 36

a violent disturbance in the atmosphere

Front 37

subduction

Back 37

the process by which oceanic crust sinks into the mantle at a deep ocean trench

Front 38

tornado

Back 38

a rapidly whirling, funnel -shaped cloud that reaches from a storm cloud to touch the Earth's surface

Front 39

trait

Back 39

a characteristic that organisms pass on to their offspring through their genes

Front 40

wind

Back 40

the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure