Semester 2- Geography Exam

Front 1

Crust

Back 1

the outer layer of the Earth

Front 2

Core

Back 2

the central part of the Earth

Front 3

Mantle

Back 3

the layer of the earth between the crust and the core

Front 4

Plates

Back 4

Rigid slabs that make up the Earth's crust

Front 5

Tectonic

Back 5

forces or conditions within the earth that cause movements of the crust such as earthquakes, folds and faults

Front 6

Constructive Margin

Back 6

A boundary between two plates that are moving apart and where new crust is being formed. (Iceland)

Front 7

Destructive Margin

Back 7

A boundary between two plates that are moving together and where one, consisting of oceanic crust, is forced downwards and destroyed. (Aleutian Islands)

Front 8

Subduction(Zone)

Back 8

Occurs at a destructive plate margin where oceanic crust, moving towards continental crust, is forced downwards into the mantle and destroyed.

Front 9

Collision(Zone)

Back 9

An area where two continental plates collide. Forming fold mountains such as the himalayas

Front 10

Conservative Margin

Back 10

A boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other and where crust is being neither formed nor destroyed. (San Andreas Fault)

Front 11

Focus

Back 11

he precise point within the Earth's crust or mantle where rocks begin to rupture or move in an earthquake.

Front 12

Epicenter

Back 12

The point on the earth's surface directly above the focus.

Front 13

Richter Scale

Back 13

The system used to measure the strength of an earthquake.

Front 14

Mercalli Scale

Back 14

A measure of earthquake intensity determined from the effects on people and buildings, ranges from I (low) to XII (nearly total destruction).

Front 15

Cyclone

Back 15

An area of low pressure around which winds blow counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

Front 16

Hurricane

Back 16

a tropical cyclone with winds exceeding 66 knots, generally accompanied by rain, thunder, and lightning.

Front 17

Typhoon

Back 17

A hurricane in the north Pacific west of the International Date Line.

Front 18

Storm-surge

Back 18

An abnormal rise of the sea along a shore as a result, primarily, of the high winds in a land falling storm

Front 19

Flooding

Back 19

n overflowing of water, especially over land not usually submerged.

Front 20

Drainage Basin

Back 20

area of the earth's surface from which surface drainage all flows to a single outlet stream

Front 21

Hydrological Cycle

Back 21

The movement of water from the sea through the air to the land and back to the sea.

Front 22

System

Back 22

no water added or lost to the hydrological cycle is called a closed system.

Front 23

Watershed

Back 23

The specific land area that drains water into a river system or other body of water.

Front 24

Source

Back 24

Where the river starts

Front 25

Confluence

Back 25

a place where things merge or flow together (especially rivers)

Front 26

Mouth

Back 26

The place where a stream enters another, larger stream.

Front 27

Tributary

Back 27

a smaller river or stream that flows into a larger river or stream. Usually, a number of smaller tributaries merge to form a river.

Front 28

Channel

Back 28

a passage for water (or other fluids) to flow through

Front 29

Atmosphere

Back 29

the weather or climate at some place

Front 30

Ice Core

Back 30

Obtained by drilling into ice sheet, for example in Greenland or Antarctica, an ice core provides information which can be used to reconstruct past climates and climate change. Ice cores are an example of a non–instrumental record.

Front 31

Ice Age

Back 31

A time of widespread glaciation

Front 32

Carbon Dioxide

Back 32

A gas present in the atmosphere to the extent of more than 0.03% by volume and playing an important role in the greenhouse effect.

Front 33

Methane

Back 33

A gas given off by animal waste. It can be used as fuel, but the process to turn it into fuel is very expensive, so this is not done very often. Methane is a greenhouse gas, which means that it contributes to global warming.

Front 34

Chlorofluorocarbons

Back 34

These chemicals and some related chemicals have been used in great quantities in industry, for refrigeration and air conditioning, and in consumer products. CFCs and their relatives, when released into the air, rise into the stratosphere, a layer of the atmosphere high above the Earth. ...

Front 35

Greenhouse-effect

Back 35

The warming of the atmosphere by the trapping of longwave radiation being radiated to space. The gases most responsible for this effect are water vapor and carbon dioxide.

Front 36

China

Back 36

Capital: Beijing(north-east)
Location: Eastern Asia

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Japan

Back 37

Capital: Tokyo(south-east)
Location: Eastern Asia

Front 38

North Korea

Back 38

Capital: Pyongyang (west)
Location: Eastern Asia, norther half of the Korean peninsula

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South Korea

Back 39

Capital: Seoul(north-west)
Location: Eastern Asia, southern half of the Korean peninsula

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Philippines

Back 40

Capital: Manila (northern island, south-west)
Location: southeastern Asia, east of vietnam

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Thailand

Back 41

Capital: Bangkok (south
Location: southeastern part