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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Air passing through the ___ is used to produce speech.
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larynx
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Air passing over the _____ in the nose carries stimuli for the sense of smell.
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olfactory mucosa
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The respiratory portion of the respiratory system consists of ____, ____, ____, and ____.
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respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli
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The nasal cavity is divided into 3 parts, the ____, _____, and ____.
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vestibule, respiratory segment, olfactory segment
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The _____ of the nasal cavity is lined with _______ epithelium, continuous with the external skin of the nose.
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vestibule, stratified squamous
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The vestibule contains stiff hairs, called ____ that entrap large particulate matter.
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vibrissae
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Projecting from the bony lateral wall of the vestibule are three tiny bony shelves called the nasal _____ or ______.
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conchae, turbinates
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The _____ act as turbines to churn the air as it passes through the nasal cavity, warming, moistening and cleaning it.
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nasal conchae or turbinates
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The dermis of ____ contain numerous sebaceous and sweat glands whose secretions aid in entrapment of particles.
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vestibule
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Posteriorly, where the vestibule ends, the epithelium undergoes a transition into _____ epithelium.
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pseudostratified
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The ____ constitutes most of the volume of the nasal cavity.
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respiratory segment
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The respiratory segment is lined with _____ epithelium
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ciliated, pseudostratifed columnar epithelium
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Typical respiratory epithelium consists of 5 cell types, ____, ____, ____, ____ and ____.
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ciliated columnar, mucous goblet cells, brush cells, basal cells, small granule cells
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____ are the most abundant cell type in the respiratory epithelium and contain numerous mitochondria.
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ciliated columnar
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____ are the second most abundant cell type in the respiratory epthelium and secrete mucuous.
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goblet cells
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The ____ constitutes most of the volume of the nasal cavity.
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respiratory segment
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The respiratory segment is lined with _____ epithelium
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ciliated, pseudostratifed columnar epithelium
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Typical respiratory epithelium consists of 5 cell types, ____, ____, ____, ____ and ____.
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ciliated columnar, mucous goblet cells, brush cells, basal cells, small granule cells
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____ are the most abundant cell type in the respiratory epithelium and contain numerous mitochondria.
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ciliated columnar
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____ are the second most abundant cell type in the respiratory epthelium and secrete mucuous.
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goblet cells
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In the respiratory epithelium, ____ are columnar cells that have numerous microvilli on their apical surface.
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brush cells
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In the respiratory epithelium, ____ have afferent nerve endings on their basal surface and are considered sensory receptors.
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brush cells
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In the respiratory epithelium, ____ are cells thought to differentiate into other cell types.
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basal cells
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In the respiratory epithelium, ____ cells that secrete bombesin and serotonin.
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small granule, enteroendocrine
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_____ syndrome is an inherited condition where cilia lining the airways fail to function.
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Kartenger's syndrome
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In Kartenger's syndrome cilia fail to function due to lack of ____.
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dynein
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The lamina propria of respiratory mucosa contain a rich vasuclar network to _____ and contain ______ glands to assist goblet cells.
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warm air, seromucous
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Olfactory epithelium is a specialized ____ epithelium that covers the roof of the nasal cavity, the superior aspect of the nasal septum, and the superior concha.
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pseudostratified columnar
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Olfactory epithelium contains three types of cells ____, ____ and ____.
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olfactory receptor cells, supporting(sustentacular cells), basal cells
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Olfactory sensory neurons have modified _____ on their free surfaces containing ____ and a single axon.
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immotile cillia, odorant protein receptors
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Olfactory sensory neurons are supported and held in place by _____ cells and both are regenerated by _____ cells.
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supporting (sustentacular cells), basal cells
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Olfactory cells are ___ neurons with proximal processes that join to form the ______.
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bipolar, filas olfactoria
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____ cells have apical, ovoid nuclei, a narrow base, yellow- brown pigments, and provide support to olfactory cells.
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supporting or sustentacular
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___ glands are beneath olfactory epithelium, are serous secreting glands, and act as solvent in which odorous substances are dissolved.
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bowman's gland
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Each olfactory neuron can express ____ olfactory receptors.
Of the almost 1000 receptors, each recognizes a single _____ of different odiferous substances.; epitope |
one
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Of the almost 1000 receptors, each recognizes a single _____ of different odiferous substances.
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epitope
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Olfactory receptors are _____ receptor, whose axons synapse with dendrites of ____ cells in the glomeruli of the ______.
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7 transmembrane G-linked receptors, mitral, olfactory bulb
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If threshold level of impulses reaches a mitral cell in the ____ of the olfactory bulb, it becomes depolalarized and relays the signal to the ____.
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glomeruli, olfactory cortex
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Each glomerulus receieves input from ___ type of receptor, but the brain can recognize about 10,000 scents through ____.
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one, combinations
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The nasopharynx is lined by ____ epithelium, while the oral and laryngeal pharyx are lined by _____ epithelium.
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respiratory, stratified squamous
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During respiration the epiglottis is in the ____ position.
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vertical
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