Semester 1 Ahs 101 Week7 Diagnosis

Front 1

Diagnose

Back 1

To determine the cause and nature of a pathological condition
Establishing the cause and nature of the signs and symptoms

Front 2

Differential Diagnosis

Back 2

The art of distinguishing between diseases with similar manifestations(signs and symptoms)
R/O diagnosis
Ex: R/O cancer of the lung, TB, bronchitis

Front 3

How does one arrive at a diagnosis?

Back 3

History and Physical
Tests

Front 4

Diagnostic Blood Tests and related terminology

Back 4

Hematology
Complete Blood Count
Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
White Blood Cell Count(leukocytes)
Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
Coagulation Test (bleeding time)
Wasserman Blood Test
Blood Cultures

Front 5

Other Tests

Back 5

Sputum Examination
Spinal Tap
Electrocardiogram
Papanicolau Test

Front 6

Diagnositc Xrays

Back 6

Radiologists
Radiologic Technician

Front 7

Hematology

Back 7

Study of blood
That branch of medicine that deals with blood cells and blood forming organs wuch as the liver, spleen, and bone marrow

Front 8

Complete Blood Count
(CBC)

Back 8

Estimates the number of
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Differential white blood cell count (% of each type)
Hemoglobin
Hematocrit

Front 9

Red Blood Cells

Back 9

Erythrocytes
Carry oxygen in the blood
Quantitative Studies - study the amount; average adult has 4-6 million per cubic millimeter
Qualitative Studies - study the size and shape of cells

Front 10

Red Blood Cell Diseases

Back 10

Anemia - a deficiency in the quantity or quality of erythrocytes - may be due to a tumor, poor nutrition
Erythrocytosis - an abnormal increase in the RBC count
Hemolysis - destruction of blood cells - ex: bit by a snake

Front 11

-osis

Back 11

abnormal condition of
Erythrocytosis - abnormal condition of the RBCs

Front 12

White Blood Cell Count

Quantitative

Back 12

White Blood Cells - WBCs- Leukocytes
WBCs fight infection
Average adult range is 5,000 - 10,000 per cubic millimeter

Front 13

White Blood Cells

Types

Back 13

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

Front 14

White Blood Cell Count

Differential Count

Back 14

How many of each type of white blood cell

Front 15

Abnormalities in Leukocytes (WBCs)

Examples

Back 15

Leukopenia - abnormal decrease in the # of WBCs
Leukocytosis - abnormal increase in the # of WBCs
Neutrophilia - Abnormal increase in the # of neutrophils (acute infection)
Neutropenia - abnormal decrease in the # of neutrophils

Front 16

Hemoglobin

Back 16

Hgb
Hemoglobin is the omponent of RBCs that carry the oxygen
Average adult range is 12-14 gm/100ml of blood for females and 13-16 gm/100 ml of blood for males
Hgb gives blood its red color
Hgb is a protein and contains iron

Front 17

Abnormalities in Hemoglobin

Examples

Back 17

Polycythemia - same as erythrocytosis - increase in # of RBCs - may get this with high altitudes
Anemia

Front 18

Hematocrit

Back 18

Hct
This is an estimate of packed RBC volume
It is an expression of the volume of RBC per unit of circulationg blood
Normals in females is 35-45mm/100 ml; in males 40-50mm/100ml
Find Hct by separating solid component (cells) from fluid portion of blood (plasma)

Front 19

Coagulation Test

Bleeding Time

Back 19

The time necessary for blood to clot
Average adult range via the Ivy method is 1-5 minutes

Front 20

Wasserman Blood Test

VDRL (Venereal Diseases Research Laboratory)

Back 20

Tests are used to determine the presence or absence of syphilis

Front 21

Blood Cultures

Back 21

Used to determine the presence or absence of bacteria

Front 22

Sputum Examination

Back 22

Examine mucus secretions
Expectorate (spit) rings up mucus
Examine the amount
Color
Microscopic

Front 23

Spinal Tap

Back 23

Spinal centesis (-centesis to puncture a cavity)
Procedure where you puncture a space of the spinal cavity and take spinal fluid out and examine it

Front 24

Electrocardiogram

Back 24

EKG or ECG
Electrical currents produced by the activity of the heart muscle

Front 25

Papanicolaou Test

Back 25

PAP Test

Looking at cells in tissue for normal and abnormal changes - like of the cervix
Areas of the body that shed cells

Front 26

Radiologists

Back 26

Doctor that specializes in studying the use of xrays in diagnosis and treatment

Front 27

Radiologic Technician

Role

Back 27

Shoots xrays
Positions patient
Protects patient ( covers them with lead apron)
Process and develop xray film of what they took

Front 28

Examples of Procedures

Back 28

-grm/-graphy - xray of
Cholangiongram - xray of bile ducts
Angiocardiography - xray of heart and blood vessels
Arteriography - xray of arteries
Cystography - xray of the urinary bladder
Salpingogram - xray of the fallopian tube
Myelography - xray of the spinal cord

Front 29

Bacteremia

Back 29

Bacterial infection in blood stream

Front 30

Hydrophobia (aquaphobia)

Back 30

Fear of water

Front 31

Dyspnea

Back 31

Difficult, painful breathing

Front 32

Blepharoplasty

Back 32

Plastic surgery repair of eyelid

Front 33

Rhinorrhea

Back 33

Runny nose

Front 34

Hematuria

Back 34

Blood in the urine

Front 35

Myospasm

Back 35

Twitching of the muscles

Front 36

Dyspepsia

Back 36

Heartburn

Front 37

Kinesiology

Back 37

study of motion

Front 38

Spermatoid

Back 38

Resembles sperm

Front 39

Aberrant

Back 39

Out of normal palce

Front 40

Blepharospasm

Back 40

Twitching of the eyelid

Front 41

-osis

Back 41

Abnormal increase
Ex: Leukocytosis - increase in the nuber of WBCs

Front 42

-penia

Back 42

Abnormal decrease
Ex: Leukopenia - decrease in the number of WBCs

Front 43

-genic

Back 43

Origin of
Ex: Pyogenic - pus producing

Front 44

Bradycardia

Back 44

Abnormally slow heart rate
Usually below 60 beats/min