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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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proposition |
The meaning of any sentence that is asserted to be true or false. |
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negation |
A process that expresses the denial or contradiction of some part, or all of the sentence.
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aspect |
The expression of some temporal characteristic of a predicate; includes habitual, ingressive, durative, egressive, prospective, repetitive and retrospective. |
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tense |
The expression of time in a verb; in English a verb has two tenses, present (play) and past (played). |
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inflection |
Variation in the form of a word including tense, aspect or modality. We dance. We may dance. We could have danced. |
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modality |
The expression of necessity, possibility and probability, often through modal verbs. |
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object |
The noun phrase that names the entity which receives the action of the verb: John hit Bill. |
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complement |
Any form that follows a predicate and completes its meaning: I made a mistake; She looks nice: They're afraid of the dark. |
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adverbial |
A word, phrase or clause that modifies the predicate, predicate phrase or adjective. Paul sings in the shower. |
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subject |
The noun phrase about which something is stated: John and I are ready. |
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argument |
A noun phrase, pr referring expression that helps complete the meaning of the predicate. Most predicates take one, two or three arguments. Cynthia likes trees. |
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valency |
The number of arguments (noun phrases) that a predicate may have in one sentence. |
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action noun |
An abstract noun, often derived from a verb, that expresses something that somebody does: discovery, swimming. |
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affected |
The role of an argument that undergoes change due to some vent or is affected by some other entity. A window broke. Tom broke a window. Beth likes surfing. Surfing thrills Beth. |
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affecting |
The role of an argument that, without any action, affects another entity. Beth likes surfing. Surfing thrills Beth. |
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agent |
The role of an entity that by its action affects some other entity. Tom broke a window. |
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associate |
The role of an argument that tells the identity or status of another entity. Roger is a student. |
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effect |
The role of an argument that names an entity that comes into existence through the action of the predicate. Tilley baked a cake. |
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place |
The role of an argument that names the location of an action expressed by the predicate. The fireman climbed a ladder. |
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theme |
The role of an argument that is the topic of a predicate which does not express action - a stative predicate. Audrey is a computer expert. |
