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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ct findings in ABPA
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Central bronchiectasis
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Anterior mediastinum
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Sternum to pericardium
Lymphomas Thymomas |
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Middle mediastinum
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Pericardium to 1 cm from vert bodies
Foregut duplication cysts: bronchogenic, esophageal duplication, neuroenteric |
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Posterior mediastinum
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1 cm from vert bodies to vert bodies
34% of mediastinal masses Includes esophagus Neurogenic Sympathetic chain ganglion: neuron lasting, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma |
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Type 2 pneumocyte
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Large size, micro villi on surface, lamellar bodies in cytoplasm
Secrete lamellar bodies into alveolar space and surfactant coats alveoli Also involved in lipid synthesis, clearance of alveolar fluid |
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Type 1 pneumocyte
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Flat cells that cover large area
Provide protective barrier and allow gas exchange |
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Pores of kohn
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Alveolar to alveolar connection
Dvp at 1-2 yrs |
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Canals of lambert
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Bronchioles to alveolus connection
Dvp at age 6 |
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Why infants more likely to dvp pna, atelectasis or resp failure
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Fewer alveoli
Less collateral ventilation Increased chest wall compliance to resist decreases in lung compliance Weaker cartilaginous support causing more dynamic collapse Increased airway resistance due to smaller airways |
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Alveolar gas equation
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What is zileuton
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Leukotrien modifier
Inhibits 5-lipoxygenase path and prevents synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes and LTB4 Short duration of action Hepatotoxicity |
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Cxr findings of PE
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Wedge shaped pleural based opacification
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Factors that increase fetal breathing mvts
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Factors that decrease fetal breathing movements
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Base excess
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Amount of acid needed to correct 1l blood to ph 7.4 and pCO2 40
To estimate bicarbonate needed BE x ECF ECF= kg x 0.3 |
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PHOX2b genotype/phenotyp
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PARM- poly alanine repeat expansion genotypes ( 20/27 to 20/33) and non-pARM require mechanical vent 24 hrs/d
20/24, 20/25- less than 24 hours/d AD but most occur denovo |
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Laplace's law
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ASA toxicity
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Tachypnea
Tachycardia Low pco2 but only slightly elevated pH Mixed resp alkalosis and metabolic acidosis |
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Periodic breathing
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3 or mor episodes of central episode >=3s sparTed by no more than 20 sec of nml rr
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Relative risk
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Compliance of respiratory system
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Static compliance
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sCL=compliance/lung volume
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Who has not compliant lungs. Adults or children
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Adults
Similar static compliance so use same pleural pressure but higher tidal volumes |
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B
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Resistance equation
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r= change in p/flow
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