Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe how seed bearing plants were thought have evolved.
|
Evolved as the result of Pangaea, and a period of airidification (drying of a region due to climate change) . no mmore swamps. spores rely on moisture, seeds don't.
|
|
|
Gymnosperms (Overview)
-What are uniting characteristics of this subkingdom -These are referred to as "______ - bearing plants" -Why are the reffered to as the "naked seed bearing plants" -What is the method of reaching of sporehood -What method of dispersal is utilized in reproduction -How does syngamy occur -Where does the ovule lie Tracheids? -an aspect of what subkingdom? -what are included in this subkingdom (broad) |
-Uniting characteristic : Secondary xylem, reinforced by lignan, added to the girth of the plant, making it fatter.
-Reffered to as true cone bearing plants. -There is a very thin covering protecting the seed, -seeds sit on the cone. little protection which is why they are referred to as the naked seed plant -They are heterosporous, meaning 2 types of spores are produced -Means of Disperal : Pollination: results from the microspore which is developed into pollen grains. pollen grains contain male gametophytes which is then carried by the wind and land on the female gametophyte (pollen grains do), through the growth of a pollen tube, sperm nuclei travel to and fuse with the ovule to complete fertilization. -Where does the Ovule Lie : Ovules form on the edge |
|
|
describe the shift in plant alternation of generations
|
-in the bryophytes(non vascular), the sporophyte was dependant on the gametophyte. the two were attatched.
-then in the the seedless vascular, the sporophyte dominated and the gametophyte was detached. then the seed bearing plants recombined but the gametophyte is now reduced but is dependant on the sporophyte |
|
|
Division Cyadophyta: the cyads
what is often its form? arrangement of leaves? How is the male and female aspect of this plant? what is unique about the trunk? |
-palms, shrubs or short trees. they are cone bearing
-spiral -seperate male and female plants -its starchy and used for food |
|
|
Division Gnetophyta:
how is the male and female aspect? how are the leaves special xylem? |
-dioecious
-vary from straplike, scales -secondary xylem contains vessels(as in angiosperm)... allows for upward water transport. |
|
|
Divsision Ginkgophyta
what happens to the leaves through the seasons male and female aspect? resistant to air pollution? what is the defining characteristic? |
the trees are decidious meaning the leaves fall off at maturity
they have secondary xylem diecious yes it is resistant to air pollution fan shaped leaves |
|
|
Division Coniferophyta: the conifers
what does this include? leaves are like? and why are they this way? and what reduces water loss? what are they mostly? what makes these good for wood? are they dioecious? |
pines firs yews sequoias cedars junipers
needlelike, which increases surface area; stomata are located in stomatil pits which allows for greater water retention evergreens posess extensive secondary xylem that is supported by lignin reinforced xylem which comprises the woody portion. results in tree rings. phloem deposits make up the bark? monecious |
|
|
evolution of the xylem
xylem cell evolution. upward transport? |
tracheid and vessel elements
|
|
|
ingenious pollen grain
the funtion of pollen? |
a microspore develops into a pollen grain that consists of a male gametophyte enclosed within the pollen wall.
|
|
|
The flowering plants:
method by which it is pollinated? modified leaves? |
-animals
-petals as an attractant |
