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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
K-feldspar
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Potassium feldspars are a group of polymorphs, polymorphs being minerals that have the same chemical composition but slightly different crystal structures
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K-feldspar
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When combined with water during hydrolysis it creates clay minerals (hydrous Al silicates)
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Plagioclase feldspar
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Plagioclase feldspars are a continuous mineral series in which calcium and sodium substitute for one another in the same crystal structure, dissociates with water in order to create acids in soils
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Quartz
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one of the most common minerals because it is chemically and physically stable at Earth’s surface conditions. It is a significant component of hydrothermal veins and felsic igneous rocks, and is often the dominant mineral in sandstones and siltstones,
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Quartz
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More resistant to weathering than the feldspar groups, also immobile.
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Kaolinite
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Al2Si2O5(OH)4
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Pyrite
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FeS2
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Pyrite
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Pyrite ---> Hematite
2Fe(+2)S2(-4) + O2 ---> Fe2(+3)O3(+2) + 2S(-4) |
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Hematite
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Fe2O3
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Hematite
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Branded Iron formations are proof of the difference between the reducing and oxidizing environments prior before and after The Great Oxidation Events
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Magnetite
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Calcite
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Often found in limestone
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Aragonite
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crystal lattice differs from that of calcite, resulting in a different crystal shape, an orthorhombic system with acicular crystals
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Dolomite
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The best way to tell one from the other is the acid test: a drop of 1 M HCl on calcite produces an instant, obvious fizz; a drop on dolomite produces slow or no obvious bubbling
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Dolomite
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CaMg(CO3)2, Magnesium makes it more resistant to HCl
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Zircon
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One of the most resistant minerals zircons can survive geologic processes like erosion, transport, even high-grade metamorphism, they contain a rich and varied record of geological processes. Radiometric dating of Uranium to Lead.
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Plagioclase feldspar
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will weather to form clay minerals, they are resistant enough that plagioclase grains forms a significant component of many detrital sediments and sedimentary rocks.
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Halite
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Barite
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Orthoclase
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Goethite
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Limonite
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Garnet
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Garnet
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Spharelite
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Galena
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Chlorite
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Bauxite
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Biotite
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