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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alprazolam (Xanax)
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Benzodiazepine. Tx of anxiety.
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chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
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benzodiazepine. Sedation. Relief of anxiety.
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diazepam (Valium)
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benzodiazepine. Relief of anxiety; sedation; amnesia; skeletal muscle relaxation; decreased seizure activity.
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lorazepam (Ativan)
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Benzodiazepine. Sedation; decreased anxiety; decreased seizures. Pre-op sedation.
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estazolam (ProSom)
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BEnzodiazepine. Hypnotic for insomnia.
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flurazepam HCl (Dalmane)
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Benzodiazepine. Relief of insomnia.
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temazepam (Restoril)
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Benzodiazepine. Relief of insomnia.
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zolpidem (Ambien)
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Non-Benzodiazepine Sedative/Hypnotic. Sedation and induction of sleep.
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chloral hydrate (Noctec)
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"Other" Sedative/Hypnotic. Sedation or induction of sleep.
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ethchlorvynol (Placidyl)
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"Other" Sedative/Hypnotic. Short term insomnia.
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pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal Sodium)
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Barbiturate (Short Acting)
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secobarbital sodium (Seconal Sodium)
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Barbiturate (Short Acting)
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Amobarbital sodium (Amytal Sodium)
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Barbiturate (Intermediate-Acting)
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What is REM
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Rapid Eye Movement
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How long are the 4 cycles of REM & NON-Rem?
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90 minute intervals
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Difference btw sedative & hypnotic
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Sedative relieves nervousness, no sleep unless increase dose. Hypnotic produces sleep in usual dose
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3 classes of sedative-hypnotics
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barbiturates
Benzodiazepines Non-barbiturates (ther/misc) |
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Neurotransmitter that sedative-hypnotics affect
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GABA
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Four uses of barbiturates
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Sedation
Sleep Seizure Disorders Anesthesia/Barbiturate Coma |
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Barbiturate most frequently prescribed
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Phenobarbital (often w/Dilantin for seizures)
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Names of barbiturates given for sleep:
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(Nembutal) Pentobarbital Na
(Seconal) Secobarbital NA (Amytal) Amobarbital Na |
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Effect of chronic use on sleep cycle
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If used regularly for insomnia, they are usually not effective for longer than 2 weeks
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TX for barbiturate overdose
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Improve ventilation
Maintain airway Activated charcoal Diuretic (loop) Dialysis |
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Name 3 non-barbiturate hypnotics
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chloral hydrate (Noctec)
ethchlorvynol (Placidyl) Eszopiclone (Lunesta) |
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4 reasons why benzodiazepines preferred over barbiturates
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Rarely fatal OD's
Less tolerance produced (can be used longer) Less stimulating of liver enzymes Not as much REM suppression |
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5 uses for Benzodiazepines
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anxiety
insomnia seizures alcohol withdrawal skeletal muscle spasam pre-op meds |
