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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the developmental considerations for psychological preparation and support for an infant?
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Developmental Characteristics
• Infants are in the sensorimotor stage • Establishing self versus others • Forms attachments to favorite toys • Attends to a variety of visual, auditory and tactile stimuli • Separation anxiety (8 – 24 months) • Stranger anxiety Suggestions - Include parents as often as possible - Prepare parents for tests and procedures - Encourage parents to support the child during the procedure - Maintain the crib as a safe place where no procedures are performed |
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What are the developmental considerations for psychological preparation and support for a toddler?
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Developmental Characteristics
• Engages in preoperational thinking • Egocentric • Understands concepts that only they have experienced • Mixes reality and fantasy • Limited concept of time, anatomy, verbal skills and self-expression • Believes in imminent justice • Pain as “punishment”, fear of needles, disruptive Suggestions -Be honest, especially about pain -Prepare child for a procedure with tangible equip -Use dolls for prep -Provide simple explanations -Reassure that this is not punishment -Provide realistic choices |
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What are the developmental considerations for psychological preparation and support for a preschooler?
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Developmental Characteristics
• Is in preoperational stage • Better verbal skills • Uses play for self-expression • Egocentric, magical thinking • Acquiring sense of initiative • Uses/repeats words that they don’t understand Suggestions - Encourage questions - Address child’s fantasies - Visual aids for teaching - Be honest; allow child to manipulate equipment - Allow child to play-out events |
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What are the developmental considerations for psychological preparation and support for a school-aged child?
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Developmental Characteristics
• Is in the stage of concrete operations • Can think and reason logically but not abstractly • Good concept of time • Seeks autonomy and independence • Understands cause and effect • Fear of death and incompetency • Loss of control; bodily injury or mutilation Suggestions - Be honest; offer help so the child can work through feelings and establish coping strategies - Address child’s concerns about mutilation - Allow for realistic choices - Focus on child’s prep on sensory info and behavioral expectations - Use pictures, dolls or models for prep |
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What are the developmental considerations for psychological preparation and support for an adolescent?
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Developmental Characteristics
• Is in the stage of formal operations • Thinks abstractly • Engages in some magical thinking • Considers socialization with peers important; perception of peers important • Loss of control, skills and independence Suggestions - Allow for choices - Develop trust - Stress importance of compliance - Promote peer contacts - Include adolescent in decision making - Use concrete details - Maximize independence - Respect privacy |
