Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why are diagnostic and staging procedures essential in pediatric cancer?
|
- prompt & accurate diagnosis
- determine type, location, and extent of metastasis - allows planning & initiation of treatment |
|
|
Symptoms Suggestive of childhood cancers
page 71 |
Read table 4-1
|
|
|
What are the basic diagnostic procedures available to determine how to proceed with diagnostic evaluations?
|
- H&P
- Labs (cbc dp, chemistry, UA, tumor markers, immunophenotyping & cytogenetics) - Nursing assessment & interventions |
|
|
What cbc w/diff result can indicate leukemia?
|
elevated WBC
presence of lymphoblasts (BM involvement = Hgb, HCT, & platelets may be low) |
|
|
Why is it important to monitor serum chemistries?
|
- able to evaluate bodies response to cancer process
- reflects metabolic compensation & organ function |
|
|
What general information can a UA inform providers about?
|
general renal function
|
|
|
What can immunophenotyping of monoclonal antibodies indicate?
|
they can identify, classify, and describe tumor cells
|
|
|
What study can determine whether any chromosomal abnormalities exist within the tumor?
|
Cytogenetic studies
|
|
|
When is a BMA & biopsy performed?
|
When suspected leukemia or any evidence of bone marrow malfunction in CBC.
|
|
|
What testing is perfomed on a bone marrow sample when leukemia is suspected?
|
- flow cytometry
- immunophenotyping - karyotyping - cytogenic analysis |
|
|
In what scenario is there a bone marrow biopsy performed?
|
- suspected leukemia
- metastasis to BM from solid tumor |
|
|
What type of procedure is a Jamshidi needle used for?
|
Bone marrow biopsy
|
|
|
Why is a lumbar puncture performed in the presence of certain childhood cancers?
|
Assess if cancer has spread to CSF
|
|
|
What are 3 nursing assessments that should be peformed in regards to diagnostic procedures?
|
1. Asses knowlegde of BMA/Bx and LP
2. Assess platelet count (<50K?) 3. Assed level of fear & anxiety |
|
|
What are imaging studies used for when considering a childhood cancer diagnosis?
|
- locate tumors & metastases to stage malignancies
|
|
|
What imaging studies are useful in diagnosis and staging?
|
Radiological studies
CT scans MRI Bone Scan PET scan |
|
|
What can PET scan help diagnose?
|
Neuroblastoma
Hodgkin's disease Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Lymphoma bone, lung, colon, brain tumors |
|
|
What sites are most frequently used to perform a BMA or Bx?
|
Posterior & anterior iliac crest
|
|
|
Why is the sternum NOT an ideal place to perform a BMA or Bx?
|
too close to vital organs
|
|
|
What can be distinguished by using PET scan imaging in the face of a potential cancer diagnosis?
|
Viable tumors can be distinguished from necrotic tissue neoplasm and scar tissue
|
|
|
How do ultrasounds work?
|
Sound waves are emitted to body tissues, they return echoes, and when are processed they return an image.
|
|
|
What does an echocardiogram test show?
|
Displays chambers of heart & its contractility, septa integrity, & valve function.
Measures cardiac flow & ejection fraction |
