Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Grating
|
a stimulus pattern consisting of alternating bars with different lightness or colors.
|
|
|
Spatial Frequency
|
for a grating stimulus, spatial frequency refers to the frequency with which the grating repeats itself per degree of visual angle. For more natural stimuli, high spatial frequencies are associated with fine details, and low spatial frequencies are associated with grosser features.
|
|
|
Contrast Sensitivity
|
Sensitivity to the difference in the light intensities in two adjacent areas. Contrast Sensitivity is usually measured by taking the reciprocal of the minimum intensity difference between two bars of a grating necessary to see the bars.
|
|
|
Primary Cells
|
Neurons in the IT cortex that respond best to simple stimuli like slits, spots, ellipses, and squares.
|
|
|
Elaborate Cells
|
Neurons in the IT cortex that respond best to complex stimuli such as specific shapes or shapes combined with a color or texture.
|
|
|
Specificity Coding
|
Type of neural code in which different perceptions are signaled by activity in specific neurons.
|
|
|
Distributed Coding
|
Type of neural code in which different perceptions are signaled by the pattern of activity that is distributed across many neurons.
|
|
|
Feature Integration Theory
|
A sequence of steps proposed by Treisman to explain how objects are broken down into primitives and how these primitives are recombined to result in a perception of the object.
|
|
|
Binding Problem
|
The problem of how neural activity in many separated areas in the brain is combined to create a perception of a coherent object.
|
|
|
Structuralism
|
Perceptions result from the summation of many elementary sensations.
|
|
|
Gestalt
|
The whole is different from the sum of its parts
|
|
|
Perceptual Organization
|
Small elements become perceptually grouped into larger objects. Series of rules that specify we organize small parts into wholes.
|
|
|
Figure-Ground Segregation
|
Perceptual separation of an area from its background.
|
|
|
Reflectance
|
Percentage of light reflected from a surface.
|
|
|
Achromatic Colors
|
Colors without hue; white, black, and all the grays between these two extremes are achromatic colors.
|
|
|
Chromatic Colors
|
Colors with hue; blue, yellow, red, and green.
|
|
|
Metamers
|
Colors that look exactly the same, but are composed of different wavelengths.
1/2 R + 1/2 G 3/4 Y + 1/4 B |
