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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is Atmospheric Circulation?
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Large scale movement of air in Earth's atmosphere
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What does Atmospheric Circulation cause?
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Unequal heating and unequal pressure at the earth surface. the atmosphere tries to balance things out
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Does the atmospheric pressure increase or decrease with altitude (from the earth)?
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decrease, becomes less dence
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Temperature increases density and pressure Temperature decreases density and pressure
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decreases, increases THE EARTH IS MOVING
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What forces drive wind?
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gravity, pressure gradient, coriolis force, friction
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Anticyclonic
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cold air sinks aka high pressure system
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Pressure Gradient
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Cyclonic
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warm air rises aka low pressure system
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Pressure Gradient
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What is the Coriolis Force?
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Earths rotation causes anything that flows across the surface of the Earth to deflect right (Northernhem) or left (Southernhem)
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What does friction do to wind?
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reduces wind speed, causes winds to spiral out from a HP area and into a LP area
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What are the three types of atmospheric circulation?
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Primary circulation (global), Secondary circulation (regional), Tertiary circulation (local)
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what are the 3 cell ciculation Models?
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polar cell, ferrel cell, hadley cell
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Explain the Hadley cell
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Expansion and uplift of air at the equator- air flows to poles, cooled air sings at 30degreese, some air goes back to equator some flows to poles
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Explain the Polar Cell
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Subsidence of cold air at poles, air flows to equator warmed air rises at 60 degrees, some flows back to poles, some flows to equator
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Explain the Ferrell Cell
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mid latitude weather - depends on hadley and polar cells, air masses
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Surface winds
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creates in pressure creates prevailing winds
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Jet Streams
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sharp differences in temperature and pressure at boundaries between major cells create strong winds in upper troposphere that move from west to east
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Equatorial Low, ITCZ (warm and rainy)
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belt of pressure---warm rising air---clouds---precipitation
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Intertropical Convergence Zone "coming together" of trade winds @ equator
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Subtropical High (hot and dry)
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Belt of high pressure---sinking air---heats by compression----cloudless---low precipitation
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Subpolar Low (cool and moist)
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belt of low pressure---cold dry air + warm moist air-----low pressure storms----precipitation
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Polar High (very cold and dry)
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high pressure---cold dry air
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Katabatic Winds
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surface air cools---flows down slope
regional scale, require plateau or highland |
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Why circulation matters
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Mount Pinatubo Eruption, Fukushima Fallout
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