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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Causes For Unification of Germany and Italy |
Nationalism France After 1815- France grew in power; intimidated Crimean War- War in Europe seemed immenet |
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France After 1815 |
1815-1824 Louis XVIII Charles X- rules after Louis XVIII |
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Charles X 1824-1830 July Ordinances of 1830 |
Dissolved legislative assembly Limited people's right to vote Increased censorship Led to revolution in 1830 |
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Louis Philippe 1830-1848 |
citizen king- dressed like the common people didn't modernize France 1/3 of people unemployed |
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French election of 1848 |
Napoleon Bonaparte is elected |
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Napoleon Bonaparte |
Napoleon's nephew 1848-1852 president Modernizes and industrializes France Brings ideas of Progressive years 1852-1870 Napoleon becomes emperor |
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Crimean War |
Black Sea War b/t Russia, Ottoman and other powers over the Crimean area Made Concert of Europe seem useless |
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Italian Provinces before unification |
Piedmont/Sardinia- Strongest; independent
Tuscany, Parma, Romagna- Independent, but not as strong Lombardy & Venetia- not independent |
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Unification of Italian States |
King of Piedmont- Emmanuel II likes Risorgimento Cavour-1850s; right hand man to Emmanuel Nice & Savoy go to France in exchange for help taking Lombardy and Venetia France only helps w/ Lombardy Rest of Italy joins Piedmont to take Venetia-1856 Papal States join- 1860 Garibaldi helps bring in Sicily |
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Mazzini |
Young Italian Grass roots movement Risorgimento- Unification of Italy |
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Unification of Germany |
Broken up into Prussia, Hanover(Austria), Alsace-Lorraine(France), and other ind. states Heinrich von Gagern- wanted to unify Germany William I- Ruler of Prussia liked idea Otto von Bismark -tasked w/ unifying Germany Austro-Prussian war 1866 for control of Hanover Ind. States join after Franco-Prussian war- Germany wins for control of Alsace-Lorraine |
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Hader |
Neo Nazi voted in to control Germany in the 1990s |
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Causes of Colonization 1800s |
Economics-Natural Resources and big markets Religion-colonize to spread Christianity Military purpose-strategic areas for military White man's burden- white man has to modernize rest of world Nationalism- Competition b/t powers to colonize Social Darwinism- justified colonization- strong should colonize weak |
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Process of Colonization |
England- Egypt & S. Africa- Roman Style France- NW Africa & Madagascar- Assimilation Belgium- Central Africa- Paternalism Leopald II |
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England colonizes China |
Opium War-1839-1840- b/t China and Britain Britain wins-takes control of ports Canton and Hong Kong Treaty of Nanking- China must give up ports |
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England in India |
1600's- East India Trading Co.- controlled India, did not modernize 1856 India rebels Sepoy- Indian soldier- Enfield rifle Enfield ammo lined w/ pig and cow fat- sacred to Muslims and Hindus British gov. intervenes and takes full control of India, helps modernize and calm down Ghandi- nonviolent movement to expell British, they leave in 1947 1947- India splits into Pakistan and India |
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French Colonies in Asia |
Vietnam Cambodia Laos |
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US in Asia |
Open door policy- open asian markets for trade Japan and China do not like Idea Roosevelt- paints US navy white and patrols pacific near Japan, intimidation |
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China's reaction to Western Culture |
China- angry at western culture and own gov. Boxer Rebellion- 1900-1901- Boxers fed up w/ western culture, kidnapped western missionaries, US led military saved them |
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China's gov |
Manchu Dynasty- Chiang Kai Shek- fed up w/ gov wanted to modernize Kuomintang Party (KMT)- goal to break up Manchu gov Mao Tse-Tung- also wanted new gov, but wanted a communist one Mao wins conflict- China becomes communist |
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Latin America during colinization |
Spain- colonized latin america, wanted to colonize Cuba, US did not approve Spanish- American War- 1898-1899 US ship blows up, Spain is blamed, begins war US won, not many casualties Cuba become ind. US gains control of Philippines |
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Panama during Colonization |
US wanted to build canal through Panama Panama controlled by Colombia US offered $10 million lease to build canal Columbia declined Phillipe Bunua-Varilla- sent to US, returns to Panama. starts a rebellion Varilla becomes leader of Panama, accepts US deal to build canal |
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Causes of WWI |
Nationalism Unification of Germany- Tensions b/t France and Germany over Alsace-Lorraine Colonization- powers competing for control Arms Race- 1890-1914- military machine in Europe doubles Entangled alliances |
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Three Emperor's League |
1873 Germany, Austria, & Russia Falls apart b/c Russia and Austria dispute over Balkans Ottomans lose Bulgaria, Russia asserts dominance, Germany is not happy 1878-Meeting in Berlin, Germany cuts Bulgaria into a small piece, Russia not happy |
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German, Austrian and Italian Alliance |
Germany and Austria want new alliance w/ Italy England and France make deal w/ Italy Italy doesnt join in exchange for help to take Trieste and Trentino Italy takes deal, does not join |
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Central Powers |
Germany, Austria, and Ottoman Empire |
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Triple Entente |
France, Britain and Russia Powers worried about Central Powers Protect each other and their colonies England formed alliance w/ Russian b/c they were planning on attacking India |
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Balkan Alliance |
Serbia and Russia Slavic People Russia promised to protect Serbia from Austria and Germany |
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Balkan Wars |
Bosnia and Herzegovinia under control of Austria Serbia argued they should be part of Serbia |
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Black Hand |
1914 Wanted a pan Serbian nation Princip- Black Hand member- 19 yrs old Assassinated Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand Throws Europe into conflict |
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June 1914 |
Austria declares war on Serbia Russia declares war on Austria Germany & Ottoman declare war on Russia France & England declare war on Central Powers England also wanted to protect Belgium |
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William II |
Militant leader of Germany Wanted any reason to go to war |
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Western Front |
Germany to fight two front war Schlieffen Plan- take western front fast then attack other front Germany has no trouble pushing into France Soon no advances can be made- trench warfare |
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Eastern Front |
Russia had large army, but not modernized Russian soldiers- slaughtered by Germany and Austria 1915- Tannenbug Mascrian Galreia |
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Russia Results of WWI |
Lost 2.5 million men People upset w/ gov no food & not modernizing 1917-1919- Bolshevik Revolution |
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Ottoman Empire during WWI |
Armenian Genocide Armenians- Christians in Ottoman Wanted sovereign nation, conflict errupts Ottomans kill all Armenians to avoid losing land To this day Turkey denies Armenian Genocide |
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Battle of Verdan |
Verdan was sacred to French people Germany attacked Verdan Used Attrition tactic Lasted 9 months and 27 days No real advantage gained by either side |
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Attrition |
Tactic of wearing down the enemy Kill as many soldiers as possible, so enemy cannot retaliate |
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Battle of Sommes |
French and British used so much artillery they believed soldiers would be able to just walk into Germany Germans survive July 1st, 1916 worst day for British soldiers Lasted 4 months |
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US joins WWI |
Luisitania goes down-1915 Zimmerman Telegram- 1917 US enters WWI stalemate in war until US joins |
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Auxillery Service Act |
German law passed after US join Every male 17-60 had to have an occupation related to the war effort |
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Ludendorff |
German military leader- led last offensive on Western front before US joins war Germany Surrenders Nov. 11, 1918 |
