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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do you calculate BAC?
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units consumed x the unit amount (ml) = total ml consumed.
Convert ml to g~~1 ml = 0.79g x units consumed (ml) Then you need the total % of alcohol in the blood (mg) % amount of (mg) x 6000ml (total human blood vol) = mg/ml mg/ml x 100 = mg/100ml Blood Alcohol Content |
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How does the drug Antabuse work?
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It inhibits Aldehyde dehydrogenase which normally breaks down alcohol in the liver.
This then keeps the levels of toxic acetaldehyde high making the person feel sick. |
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What are the 3 stages of alcoholic liver disease?
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* Fatty liver - fat accumulation, this is reversible.
* Hepatitis - liver inflammation * Cirrhosis - liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue and so the liver can no longer perform its function. |
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What process allows alcohol of affect the brain?
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Alcohol increases the release and action of GABA, an inhibitory neuron.
This leads to changes of activity in regions of the brain. This then affects moods, reflexes and sleep cycles etc. |
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How does alcohol consumption lead to dehydration?
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The hormone vasopressin is secreted in response to decreased water levels in the body (the water having been replaced by alcohol).
This results in the kiddneys relesing more water leading to increased urination and then dehydration. |
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Why is alcohol more harmful to women thean men?
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Very little ethanol (alcohol) diffuses into the fat tissue (adipose) as it is more soluble in water.
As women's bodies have preportionately more fat that mens there is less volume for alcohol to be diffused in a womans body. |
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Describe how alcohol uses a concentration gradient.
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Molecules in liquids and gases are able to move freelyand so they 'fill' any available space.
Ethanol (alcohol) reaches the blood stream by passing through the semi permeable lining of the gut. In the gut the ethanol is in high concentration and so it moves into the blood stream, where the constant movement of the blood means the concentration of ethanol is kept low. |
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How do you calculate the volume of pure alcohol is any alcoholic beverage?
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weight of the
bottled alcohol X % alcohol / 100 (in centilitres) = volume of pure alcohol. |
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What are the benefits of consuming alcohol?
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polyphenols present in alcohol (primarily red wine) reduce blood pressure therefore reducing heart disease.
Alcohol consumption also lowers inhibitions. However, these benefits are outweighed by the negative health affects of consuming too much alcohol. |
