S&d Test 4: Face

Front 1

What bone forms the floor of the orbit?

Back 1

Maxillae

Front 2

What bones form the lateral wall of the orbit and the cheek bones?

Back 2

Zygomatic bones

Front 3

What are the two parts of the mandible, as well as the chin prominence?

Back 3

Body and ramus + mental protuberance

Front 4

Which nerve passes through the supraorbital notch/foramen?

Back 4

supraorbital nerve from CN V1

Front 5

Which nerve passes through the infraorbital foramen?

Back 5

Infraorbital nerve from CN V2

Front 6

Which nerve passes through the mental foramen?

Back 6

Mental nerve from CN V3

Front 7

What passes through the stylomastoid foramen?

Back 7

Terminal portion of facial nerve (CN VII)

Front 8

Which pharyngeal arch do all muscles of facial expression develop from? Which nerve are they all innervated by?

Back 8

2nd, so facial nerve (CN VII)

Front 9

What are the two parts of the orbicularis oculi? What does each cover?

Back 9

Orbital (peripheral) and palpebral (eyelid)

Front 10

What function does the orbicularis oculi serve?

Back 10

Close eye and protect eye/cornea

Front 11

What function does the orbicularis oris serve?

Back 11

Close mouth and lips, purse lips

Front 12

How can you identify the buccinator muscle?

Back 12

The duct of the parotid gland pierces it as it enters the oral cavity.

Front 13

What is another name for the buccinator muscle?

Back 13

Bugler's muscle (used to expel air while playing a wind instrument)

Front 14

What muscle wrinkles the forehead and shows "expression of surprise"?

Back 14

Frontalis

Front 15

What larger muscle is the frontalis muscle part of?

Back 15

Occipitofrontalis muscle

Front 16

What muscle draws the eyebrows together as in frowning? (and is treated with botox)

Back 16

Corrugator supercilli

Front 17

This muscle depresses the corner of the mouth, causing frowning.

Back 17

Depressor anguli oris

Front 18

This muscle is used for laughing and smiling.

Back 18

Zygomaticus major

Front 19

This muscle is used to raise the upper lip (+corner of nose).

Back 19

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Front 20

Which artery provides most of the blood supply for the lateral anterior face?

Back 20

External carotid

Front 21

Which artery provides most of the blood supply for the medial forehead?

Back 21

Internal carotid

Front 22

The internal carotid artery vascularizes the eye via the ophthalmic artery. What two arteries does it then contribute to?

Back 22

Supraorbital and supratrochlear

Front 23

What two main arteries does the external carotid artery give off?

Back 23

Facial artery and superficial temporal (transverse facial arises from this)

Front 24

Which artery on the face is most likely to be described as tortuous?

Back 24

facial artery

Front 25

Name three main branches off facial artery.

Back 25

Inferior labial, superior labial, lateral nasal (and terminates as angular artery)

Front 26

Which vein provides the majority of the venous drainage of the face?

Back 26

Facial vein

Front 27

Where does the facial vein eventually drain?

Back 27

IJV

Front 28

Why does your face turn red when you do a handstand?

Back 28

No valves in the veins in your face, so blood can flow in either direction

Front 29

The facial vein travels superficially. What 4 channels does it communicate with?

Back 29

Ophthalmic, infraorbital, deep facial, & pterygoid veins

Front 30

What is the largest of the salivary glands?

Back 30

Parotid gland

Front 31

How does the parotid gland drain? What are some landmarks for this?

Back 31

Drains via the parotid duct; passes superficial to the masseter muscle, then pierces buccinator

Front 32

What provides the innervation for the parotid gland? What type of innervation is this?

Back 32

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), parasympathetic

Front 33

3 main structures passing through the parotid gland

Back 33

facial nerve (CN VII), retromandibular vein, external carotid a.

Front 34

5 main branches of the facial nerve (CN VII)

Back 34

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical (to zanzibar by motor car)

Front 35

What is the branch of the facial nerve to the occipitalis and auricular muscles?

Back 35

Posterior Auricular branch

Front 36

Injury to the facial nerve can cause this.

Back 36

Bell's palsy (sometimes acute trauma, sometimes unknown etiology), common between ages of 30-60

Front 37

The retromandibular vein exits the parotid gland and divides into an anterior and posterior branch. Where does each join?

Back 37

Anterior branch joins the facial vein; posterior joins the external jugular vein

Front 38

2 terminal branches of external carotid artery

Back 38

maxillary a. and superficial temporal a.

Front 39

5 sets of superficial nodes from posterior to anterior

Back 39

Occipital, mastoid, parotid, submandibular, submental

Front 40

What are the last two areas of lymphatic drainage that everything from the head and neck drains?

Back 40

Deep cervical nodes, right lymphatic duct(right IJV) / thoracic duct(left IJV)

Front 41

Which cranial nerves have parasympathetic fibers?

Back 41

CN III, VII, IX, X

Front 42

Which cranial nerves provide parasympathetic innervation to the face?

Back 42

CN III, VII, IX

Front 43

What are the 4 paired parasympathetic ganglia?

Back 43

Ciliary, pterygopalatine, otic, submandibular

Front 44

Which ganglion do the parasympathetic nerves from CN III synapse?

Back 44

Ciliary ganglion

Front 45

Which ganglion do the parasympathetic nerves from CN IX synapse?

Back 45

Otic ganglion

Front 46

Which ganglion do the parasympathetic nerves from CN VII synapse?

Back 46

EITHER pteryogopalatine OR submandibular

Front 47

4 main roles of the facial nerve

Back 47

Innervates facial expression muscles, taste sensation via chordi tympani nerve, parasympathetic to lacrimal/nasal glands & sublingual/submandibular glands, general sensation to ear canal

Front 48

Which cranial nerve is the great sensory nerve of the face?

Back 48

trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Front 49

What does the trigeminal nerve have that houses the cell bodies of the sensory neurons?

Back 49

Trigeminal ganglion (like DRG)

Front 50

Three main divisions of the trigeminal nerve

Back 50

Ophthalmic (V1), Maxillary (V2), Mandibular (V3)

Front 51

Which of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve carries both general sensory and branchiomotor nerve fibers?

Back 51

V3 (others only carry general sensory)

Front 52

Where does V1 exit the skull?

Back 52

Superior orbital fissure

Front 53

Where does V2 exit the skull?

Back 53

Foramen rotundum

Front 54

Where does V3 exit the skull?

Back 54

Foramen ovale

Front 55

What are the 3 sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve that are easily seen during dissection?

Back 55

Supraorbital, infraorbital, mental

Front 56

The trigeminal dermatomes provide sensation to the face. Where does the ophthalmic division provide sensation?

Back 56

Between eyes and forehead (frontal bone)

Front 57

The trigeminal dermatomes provide sensation to the face. Where does the maxillary division provide sensation?

Back 57

Between eyes and mouth (maxillary)

Front 58

The trigeminal dermatomes provide sensation to the face. Where does the mandibular division provide sensation?

Back 58

Mandibular region up to temporal lobe

Front 59

Which pharyngeal arch does V3 innervate?

Back 59

1st, generally the muscles of mastication

Front 60

Name the 5 muscles of mastication that are innervated by CN V3.

Back 60

Masseter, temporalis, pterygoids, mylohyoid, anterior digastric, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani