S&d Test 1: Forearm

Front 1

Where is the coronoid process located?

Back 1

proximal ulna

Front 2

Where is the styloid process found?

Back 2

One on the lateral distal radius and the other on the medial distal ulna

Front 3

Name for the anterior elbow space.

Back 3

Cubital fossa

Front 4

Contents of cubital fossa (from lateral to medial)

Back 4

tendon of biceps, brachial artery (and terminal branches, radial and ulnar), median nerve

Front 5

Describe the anterior and posterior forearm.

Back 5

Anterior forearm contains flexors-pronators, posterior forearm contains extensors-supinators

Front 6

The interosseus membrane separates which two structures?

Back 6

radius and ulna, assists in force transfer

Front 7

Describe Colles' fracture.

Back 7

Trauma to the wrist when "breaking a fall", causing a fractured humeral head and posterior shift of forearm. Causes "dinner fork deformity".

Front 8

What does the fascia become at the wrist, anteriorly and posteriorly?

Back 8

extensor retinaculum (posteriorly) and palmar carpal ligament (anteriorly)

Front 9

Where is the common flexor origin?

Back 9

medial epicondyle

Front 10

Name the 5 superficial flexor-pronator muscles.

Back 10

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis

Front 11

Name the innervation of the flexor-pronators.

Back 11

Median nerve (except FCU-ulnar nerve)

Front 12

Name the three deep flexor-pronators.

Back 12

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicus longus, pronator quadratus

Front 13

Name the innervation of the deep flexor-pronator muscles.

Back 13

Anterior interosseous nerve (except medial 1/2 of FDP-ulnar nerve)

Front 14

Name the two muscles for pronation.

Back 14

pronator teres and pronator quadratus (teres for more powerful movements)

Front 15

How do the FDS and FDP reach the wrist?

Back 15

By passing under the flexor retinaculum.

Front 16

Which joint does the flexor digitorum superficialis affect?

Back 16

proximal interphalangeal joint

Front 17

Which joint does the flexor digitorum profundus affect?

Back 17

distal interphalangeal joint

Front 18

Where is the common extensor origin?

Back 18

lateral epicondyle

Front 19

Name the three extensors of the wrist.

Back 19

extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 20

Name the three extensors of digits.

Back 20

Extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi

Front 21

What are the bands of the extensor tendons in the hand?

Back 21

A central band + 2 lateral bands on either side.

Front 22

Name the extensors/abductors of thumb.

Back 22

Abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus

Front 23

If someone presents with a lump on the wrist, what is the differential diagnosis and possible treatment?

Back 23

synovial cyst on an extensor tendon, often requires surgical excision

Front 24

What can be palpated in the anatomical snuff box?

Back 24

radial artery, scaphoid bone, and styloid process (and EPL & EPB)

Front 25

What are the two special forearm muscles? Innervations?

Back 25

brachioradialis (radial nerve) and supinator (deep radial nerve)

Front 26

Where is the radial nerve on the forearm? What does it split into?

Back 26

posterior side (extensors), splits into superficial branch and deep branch (becomes posterior interosseous nerve)

Front 27

What are the two points that the ulnar can be pinched?

Back 27

medial epicondyle and canal of Guyon

Front 28

Where is the median nerve in the forearm? What does it split into eventually?

Back 28

anterior side of arm, splits into anterior interosseous nerve

Front 29

Brachial artery splits into which two arteries? What are the two main, deep branches from these?

Back 29

Splits into ulnar and radial. Ultimately becomes anterior and posterior interosseous arteries.

Front 30

What are the two distal articulates of the humerus?

Back 30

trochlea (medial) and capitulum (lateral)

Front 31

Name the three ligaments of the elbow joint.

Back 31

radial collateral ligament, ulnar collateral ligament, annular ligament of radius

Front 32

What is the pathology for nursemaid's elbow?

Back 32

radial head subluxed from annular ligament of radius. Treatment is reduction and sling for 2 weeks. (happens from 1-4yo)

Front 33

What are the two wrist joints that articulate with the radius?

Back 33

scaphoid and lunate

Front 34

What stabilizes the metacarpal heads?

Back 34

deep transverse metacarpal ligament

Front 35

What is the name for a ruptured ulnar collateral ligament in the thumb?

Back 35

game keeper's thumb (skier's thumb)