Scut Monkey Physical Signs, Symptoms, And Eponyms

Front 1

Apley Test; Apley Grind Test:

Back 1

Determination of meniscal tear in the knee by grinding the joint manually

Front 2

Argyll Robertson Pupil:

Back 2

Bilaterally small, irregular, unequal pupils that react to accommodation but not to light. Seen with tertiary syphilis

Front 3

Auspitz Sign:

Back 3

Pinpoint bleeding after removal of a psoriasis scale

Front 4

Austin Flint Murmur:

Back 4

Late diastolic mitral murmur; associated with aortic insufficiency with a normal mitral valve

Front 5

Babinski Sign:

Back 5

Extension of the large toe with stimulation of the plantar surface of the foot instead of the normal flexion; indicative of upper motor neuron disease (normal in neonates)

Front 6

Bainbridge Reflex:

Back 6

Increased heart rate due to increased right atrial pressure

Front 7

Battle Sign:

Back 7

Ecchymosis behind the ear associated with basilar skull fractures

Front 8

Beau Lines:

Back 8

Transverse depressions in nails due to previous systemic disease

Front 9

Beck Triad:

Back 9

JVD, diminished or muffled heart sounds, and decreased BP associated with cardiac tamponade

Front 10

Bell Palsy:

Back 10

Lower motor neuron lesion of the facial nerve affecting muscles of upper and lower face. Easily distinguished from upper motor lesions, which predominately affect muscles of the lower face because upper motor neurons from each side innervate muscles on both sides of the upper part of the face

Front 11

Bergman Triad:

Back 11

Altered mental status, petechiae, and dyspnea associated with fat embolus syndrome

Front 12

Biot Breathing:

Back 12

Abruptly alternating apnea and equally deep breaths (seen with brain injury)

Front 13

Bisferious Pulse:

Back 13

Double-peaked pulse seen in severe chronic aortic insufficiency

Front 14

Bitot Spots:

Back 14

Small scleral white patches suggesting vitamin A deficiency

Front 15

Blumberg Sign:

Back 15

Pain felt in the abdomen when steady constant pressure is quickly released (seen with peritonitis)

Front 16

Blumer Shelf:

Back 16

Palpable hardness on rectal examination, due to metastatic cancer of the rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas) or rectovesical pouch

Front 17

Bouchard Nodes:

Back 17

Hard, nontender, painless nodules in the dorsolateral aspects of the proximal interphalangeal joints associated with osteoarthritis, caused by hypertrophy of the bone

Front 18

Branham Sign:

Back 18

Abrupt slowing of the heart rate with compression of the feeding artery (seen with large A–V fistulas)

Front 19

Brudzinski Sign:

Back 19

Flexion of the neck causing flexion of the hips (seen in meningitis)

Front 20

Chadwick Sign:

Back 20

Bluish color of cervix and vagina, seen with pregnancy

Front 21

Chandelier Sign:

Back 21

Extreme pain elicited with movement of the cervix during bimanual pelvic examination (indicates PID)

Front 22

Charcot Triad:

Back 22

Right upper quadrant pain, fever and chills, and jaundice associated with cholangitis

Front 23

Cheyne–Stokes Respiration:

Back 23

Repeating cycle of a gradual increase in depth of breathing followed by a gradual decrease to apnea (seen with CNS disorders, uremia, some normal sleep patterns)

Front 24

Chvostek Sign:

Back 24

Facial spasm elicited by tapping over the facial nerve, indicating hypocalcemia (tetany). May be normal finding in some patients

Front 25

Corrigan Pulse:

Back 25

Palpable hard pulse immediately followed by sudden collapse (seen in aortic regurgitation)

Front 26

Cullen Sign:

Back 26

Ecchymosis around the umbilicus associated with severe intraperitoneal bleeding (seen with ruptured ectopic pregnancy and hemorrhagic pancreatitis)

Front 27

Cushing Triad:

Back 27

HTN, bradycardia, and irregular respiration associated with increased intracranial pressure

Front 28

Darier Sign:

Back 28

Erythema and edema elicited by stroking of the skin, indicating mastocytosis

Front 29

Doll Eyes:

Back 29

Conjugated movement of eyes of comatose patients in one direction as head is briskly turned in the other direction. Tests oculocephalic reflex indicating intact brain stem

Front 30

Drawer Sign:

Back 30

Forward (or backward) movement of the tibia with pressure, indicating laxity or a tear in the anterior (or posterior) cruciate ligament

Front 31

Dupuytren Contracture:

Back 31

Proliferation of fibrosis tissue of the palmar fascia resulting in contracture of the fourth and/or fifth digits; often bilateral. May be hereditary or seen in patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease or seizures

Front 32

Duroziez Sign:

Back 32

To-and-fro murmur when stethoscope is pressed over the femoral artery, indicating aortic regurgitation

Front 33

Electrical Alternans:

Back 33

Beat-to-beat variation in the electrical axis (seen in large pericardial effusions), suggesting impending hemodynamic compromise

Front 34

Ewart Sign:

Back 34

Dullness to percussion, increased fremitus and bronchial breathing beneath the angle of the left scapula, indicating pericardial effusion

Front 35

Fong Lesion/Syndrome:

Back 35

Autosomal-dominant anomalies of the nails and patella associated with renal abnormalities

Front 36

Frank Sign:

Back 36

Fissure of the ear lobe; may be associated with CAD, DM, and HTN

Front 37

Gibbus:

Back 37

Angular convexity of the spine due to vertebral collapse (associated with osteoporosis or metastasis)

Front 38

Gregg Triad:

Back 38

Cataracts, heart defects, and deafness with congenital rubella

Front 39

Grey Turner Sign:

Back 39

Ecchymosis in the flank associated with retroperitoneal hemorrhage

Front 40

Grocco Sign:

Back 40

Triangular area of paravertebral dullness, opposite side of a pleural effusion

Front 41

Heberden Nodes:

Back 41

Hard, nontender, painless nodules on the dorsolateral aspects of the distal interphalangeal joints associated with osteoarthritis. Results from hypertrophy of the bone

Front 42

Hegar Sign:

Back 42

Softening of the distal uterus. Reliable early sign of pregnancy

Front 43

Hollenhorst Plaque:

Back 43

Cholesterol plaque on retina seen on funduscopic examination (associated with amaurosis fugax)

Front 44

Hill Sign:

Back 44

Femoral artery pressure 20 mm Hg greater than brachial pressure (seen in severe aortic regurgitation)

Front 45

Hoffmann Sign/Reflex:

Back 45

Flicking of the volar surface of the distal phalanx causing fingers to flex (associated with pyramidal tract disease)

Front 46

Homan Sign:

Back 46

Calf pain with forcible dorsiflexion of the foot (associated with DVT)

Front 47

Horner Syndrome:

Back 47

Unilateral miosis, ptosis, and anhidrosis (absence of sweating). From destruction of ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion often from lung carcinoma, especially squamous cell carcinoma

Front 48

Janeway Lesion:

Back 48

Erythematous or hemorrhagic lesion seen on the palm or sole with subacute bacterial endocarditis

Front 49

Joffroy Reflex:

Back 49

Inability to wrinkle the forehead when bending head and looking up (seen in hyperthyroidism)

Front 50

Kayser–Fleischer Ring:

Back 50

Brown pigment lesion due to copper deposition (seen in Wilson disease)

Front 51

Kehr Sign:

Back 51

Left shoulder and left upper quadrant pain associated with splenic rupture

Front 52

Kernig Sign:

Back 52

Inability to completely extend the leg when the thigh is flexed at a right angle, caused by inflammation of the meninges (seen with meningitis)

Front 53

Koplik Spots:

Back 53

White papules on buccal mucosa opposite molars (seen in measles)

Front 54

Korotkoff Sounds:

Back 54

Low-pitched sounds resulting from vibration of the artery, detected when measuring BP with the bell of a stethoscope. The last Korotkoff sound is a more accurate estimate of the true diastolic BP than is diastolic BP measured with the diaphragm.

Front 55

Kussmaul Respiration:

Back 55

Deep, rapid respiratory pattern (seen in coma or DKA)

Front 56

Kussmaul Sign:

Back 56

Paradoxical increase in jugular venous pressure on inspiration (seen in constrictive pericarditis, mediastinal tumor, right ventricular infarction, acute cor pulmonale, and congestive heart failure)

Front 57

Kyphosis:

Back 57

Excessive rounding of the thoracic spinal convexity, associated with aging, especially in women

Front 58

Lasègue Sign/Straight-Leg-Raising Sign:

Back 58

Pain in the distribution of nerve root when a patient extended in the supine position raises the leg gently; suggests lumbar disk disease.

Front 59

Levine Sign:

Back 59

Clenched fist over the chest while describing chest pain (associated with angina and AMI)

Front 60

Lhermitte Sign:

Back 60

Neck flexion results in a "shock sensation" (seen in multiple sclerosis and cervical spine problems)

Front 61

List:

Back 61

Lateral tilt of the spine; usually associated with herniated disk and muscle spasm

Front 62

Lordosis:

Back 62

Accentuated normal concavity of the lumbar spine, normal in pregnancy

Front 63

Louvel Sign:

Back 63

Coughing or sneezing causes pain in the leg with DVT

Front 64

Marcus Gunn Pupil:

Back 64

Dilation of pupils with swinging flashlight test. Results from unilateral optic nerve disease. Normal pupillary response is elicited when light is directed from the normal eye and a subnormal response when light is quickly directed from the normal eye into the abnormal eye. When light is directed into the abnormal eye, both pupils dilate rather than maintain the previous degree of miosis.

Front 65

McBurney Point/Sign:

Back 65

Point located one third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus on the right. (Tenderness at the site is associated with acute appendicitis)

Front 66

McMurray Test:

Back 66

Palpable or audible click on the joint line produced by external rotation of the foot, suggesting medial meniscal injury

Front 67

Möbius Sign:

Back 67

Inability to maintain convergence, seen in thyrotoxicosis

Front 68

Moro Reflex (Startle Reflex):

Back 68

Abduction of hips and arms with extension of arms when infant's head and upper body are suddenly dropped several inches while being held. Normal reflex in early infancy

Front 69

Murphy Sign:

Back 69

Severe pain and inspiratory arrest with palpation of the right upper quadrant during deep inspiration (associated with cholecystitis)

Front 70

Musset or de Musset Sign:

Back 70

Rhythmic nodding or movement of the head with each heart beat, caused by blood flow back into the heart secondary to aortic insufficiency

Front 71

Obturator Sign:

Back 71

Hypogastric pain elicited by flexion and internal rotation of the thigh in cases of inflammation of the obturator internus (present with pelvic abscess and appendicitis)

Front 72

Ortolani Test/Sign:

Back 72

Sign:

Front 73

hip click that suggests congenital hip dislocation. Test:

Back 73

with the infant supine, point the legs toward you and flex the legs to 90 degrees at the hips and knees

Front 74

Osler Node:

Back 74

Tender, red, raised lesions on the hands or feet (seen with SBE)

Front 75

Pancoast Syndrome:

Back 75

Carcinoma involving apex of lung, resulting in arm and/or shoulder pain from involvement of brachial plexus and Horner syndrome from involvement of the superior cervical ganglion

Front 76

Pastia Lines:

Back 76

Linear striations of confluent petechiae in axillary folds and antecubital fossa, seen in scarlet fever

Front 77

Phalen Test:

Back 77

Prolonged maximum flexion of wrists while opposing dorsum of each hand against each other. A positive test result is pain and tingling in the distribution of the median nerve (seen in carpal tunnel syndrome)

Front 78

Psoas Sign (Iliopsoas Test):

Back 78

Flexion against resistance or extension of the right hip, producing pain; seen with inflammation of the psoas muscle (present with appendicitis)

Front 79

Pulsus Alternans:

Back 79

Fluctuation of pulse pressure with every other beat (seen in aortic stenosis and CHF)

Front 80

Queckenstedt Test:

Back 80

compression of the internal jugular vein during lumbar puncture to determine patency of the subarachnoid space; normal result is immediate increase in CSF pressure

Front 81

Quincke Sign:

Back 81

Alternating blushing and blanching of the fingernail bed after light compression (seen in chronic aortic regurgitation)

Front 82

Radovici Sign:

Back 82

Chin contractions caused by scratching of the palm; a frontal release sign

Front 83

Raynaud Phenomenon/Disease:

Back 83

Pain and tingling in fingers after exposure to cold with characteristic color changes of white to blue and then often red. May be seen with scleroderma and SLE or be idiopathic (Raynaud disease)

Front 84

Romberg Test:

Back 84

The patient stands with heels and toes together with arms outstretched palms facing up or down or arms at sides. The examiner lightly taps the patient, first with the patient's eyes open and then with the patient's eyes closed. A positive result is the patient's loss of balance. Loss of balance with the eyes open indicates cerebellar dysfunction. Normal balance with eyes open and loss of balance with eyes closed indicate loss of position sense. Used to test position sense and cerebellar function

Front 85

Roth Spots:

Back 85

Oval retinal hemorrhages with a pale central area occurring in patients with bacterial endocarditis

Front 86

Rovsing Sign:

Back 86

Pain in the RLQ with deep palpation of the LLQ (seen in acute appendicitis)

Front 87

Schmorl Node:

Back 87

Degeneration of the intervertebral disk resulting in herniation into the adjacent vertebral body

Front 88

Scoliosis:

Back 88

Lateral curvature of the spine

Front 89

Sentinel Loop:

Back 89

A single dilated loop of small or large bowel, usually secondary to localized inflammation such as pancreatitis

Front 90

Sister Mary Joseph Sign/Node:

Back 90

Metastatic cancer to umbilical lymph node

Front 91

Stellwag Sign:

Back 91

Infrequent ocular blinking

Front 92

Tinel Sign:

Back 92

Radiation of an electric shock sensation in the distal distribution of the median nerve elicited by percussion of the flexor surface of the wrist when fully extended (seen in carpal tunnel syndrome)

Front 93

Traube Sign:

Back 93

Booming or pistol shot sounds heard over the femoral arteries in chronic aortic insufficiency

Front 94

Trendelenburg Test:

Back 94

Patient shifts weight from one leg to the other while being observed from behind; a pelvic tilt to opposite side suggests hip disease and weakness of the gluteus medius muscle. A normal pelvis does not tilt.

Front 95

Trousseau Sign:

Back 95

Carpal spasm produced by inflation of a BP cuff above the systolic pressure for 2–3 min, indicates hypocalcemia or migratory thrombophlebitis associated with cancer

Front 96

Turner Sign:

Back 96

See Grey Turner sign

Front 97

Virchow Node (Signal or Sentinel Node):

Back 97

A palpable, left supraclavicular lymph node; often first sign of a GI neoplasm, such as pancreatic or gastric carcinoma

Front 98

von Graefe Sign:

Back 98

Lid lag associated with thyrotoxicosis

Front 99

Weber test:

Back 99

place a 512- or 1024-Hz tuning fork on the middle of the patient's skull to determine if the sound lateralizes.

Front 100

Rinne test:

Back 100

hold the tuning fork against the patient's mastoid process (BC) with the opposite ear covered. The patient indicates when the sound is gone. Then hold the tuning fork next to the ear, and the patient indicates whether the sound is present and when the sound (AC) disappears. Normally AC is better than BC. With sensorineural hearing loss, the Weber test lateralizes to the less affected ear, and AC > BC; with conduction hearing loss, the Weber test lateralizes to the more affected ear, and BC > AC.

Front 101

Whipple Triad:

Back 101

Hypoglycemia, CNS, and vasomotor symptoms (ie, diaphoresis, syncope); relief of symptoms with glucose (associated with insulinoma)