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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the primary structure of proteins? |
The primary structure of proteins is the sequence of amino acids. |
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Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures all describe a protein's 3 Dimensional shape. How could a change in primary structure impact the protein's secondary, tertiary, and quaternary shape? |
A change in primary structure could impact the protein’s secondary, tertiary, and quaternary shape by causing them to not function properly.- Sometimes causes denaturation, which causes a reduce in metabolistic reactions, which may cause shock and death |
Hint: Think of the example we talked about in class → Sickle Cell Anemia |
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What is the MOST important thing to protein functioning? |
The most important thing to protein function is the shape/structure of the protein. |
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What is it called when a protein's shape is IRREVERSIBLY changed? |
It is called “denature” when a protein’s shape is irreversibly changed. |
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Describe the series of events related to the three proteins in the table above that occurs when a person's blood sugar is too high. |
Insulin is produced in the pancreas and then released into the rest of the body when a person’s blood sugar is too high. |
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What is an enzyme? |
An enzyme is a special protein (a catalyst) that accelerates (catalyzes) a chemical reaction. |
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Enzymes help us carry out chemical reactions more efficiently by lowering activation energy; the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction. How are enzymes able to lower activation energy? Be specific. There are two ways that an enzyme can lower activation energy. |
An enzyme can lower activation energy by “endergonic” and “exergonic” reactions. An “exergonic” reaction is one in which energy is released (used when breaking down polymers). An “endergonic” reaction is one in which energy is invested (used when building polymers). A “polymer” is a compound made up of several repeating units. |
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What is the active site on an enzyme? |
where the substrate binds to the enzyme and undergo a chemical reaction. |
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What is a substrate? |
A substrate is “the substance on which an enzyme acts”. |
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Enzymes are specific to their substrate much like a key is to a lock. Explain how enzymes are specific using your own words. |
Enzymes are specific because they must match/fit together (like two puzzle pieces) to/with a substrate. |
Hint: Think about how the previous two questions relate to each other) |
