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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aristolean World View
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motionless earth was fixed at the center of the universe
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Andreas Vesalius
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studeied anatomical work of the ancient Greek physician Galen
published On the Fabris of the Human Body (1543) which is considered the first great work of modern science this became the foundation of modern science |
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Francis Bacon
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english politician, writer
formalized empiracal method Novum Organum 1620 encouraged inductive reasoning |
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Tycho Brahe
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established himself as Europes foremost astronomer of his day
made detailed observations of a new star in 1572 |
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Robert Boyle
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physicist who said nothing can be known beyond all doubt
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Andrew Celsius
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Swedish astronomer who invented measuremend of temp- Celsius
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Nicolaus Copernicus
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polish clergyman, sun was the center of the universe, planets went around it
On the Revolution of Heavenly Spheres 1543 destroyed Aristotles view of the universe- heliocentric theory |
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Johannes Kepler
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German mathmatician. expanded on the work of Brahe and found the orbits of the planets were ellipses
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Heliocentric theory
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the sun is the center of the universe. Copernican view
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Geocentric theory
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the earth is the center of the universe. Aristelian view
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Rene Descartes
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French philosopher and mathmatician who was educated by jesuits
discovered analytical geometry and saw that Algebra and Geom have diret relationship Reduced everything to spiritual or physical (Cartesian Dualism) I think, therefore, I am |
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Deductive reasoning
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Descartes, doubt everything and use deductive reasoning
reasoning based on facts combined with empiricism to create scientific method |
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inductive reasoning
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baconian empiricism
based speculations on other situations |
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Discourse on methods 1677
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Descartes espoused deductive reasoning
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empiricism
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Bacons theory of inductive reasoning
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Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736))
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- German physicist who developed measurement of temperature with freezing at 32 degrees.
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Harvey, William (1578-1657)
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- Englishman who announced blood circulates throughout the body. Laid the foundation of modern medicine.
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Galileo Galilei (1564-1642
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Created modern experimental method.
Formulated the law of inertia. Tried for heresy and forced to recant. Saw Jupiter’s moons. Wrote Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World |
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Carl Linneus
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Swedish botanist who developed methods to classify and name plants and animals.
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Newton, Isaac
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(1642-1727) - English scientist and mathematician who developed 3 laws of motion. Principal of Natural Philosophy (1687).
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Gresham College
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- First time scientists had an honored roll in society;
center of scientific activity in England during the seventeenth century. |
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Natural Law
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- Universal law that could be understood by applying reason; letting people govern themselves.
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Ptolemy’s System
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- Last great ancient astronomer; there was a place for God.
Complicated rules used to explain minor irregularities in the movement of the planets. |
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Discourses on the Origins of Inequalities
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Rousseau, discusses the innocence of man and his corruption by society
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Voltaire
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French, perhaps greatest enlightenment figure
Deist, he mixed glorification and reason with appeal an appeal for better individuals and institutions wrote Cadide |
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Deism
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God built the universe and let it run
clockmaker theory |
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Enlightened Despot
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enlightened ruler
Catherine the Great Frederick the Great |
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Humanitarianism
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promoting human welfare and social reform
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2 Trestises of Civil Gov
year? |
1690
Locke, gov created to protect life, liberty, and property |
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Essay Concerning the Human Rights of Understanding
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1690
tabula rosa theory |
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Rococo
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art style the focuses on pastels, ornate interiors, and sentimental portraits
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The Spirit of Laws
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1750
Montesquieu, about separation of powers |
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The Social Contract
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1672
Rousseau, suggestions in reforming the political system and modelled after the Greeks |
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Candide
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Voltaires novel satirizing society and organized religion in Europe
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Montesquieu
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French philosopher
wrote The Spirit of Laws said "Power checks power" expressed idea of separation of powers |
