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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What led the way for change?
Astrology and physics
Traditional views were based on who?
Aristotle
Before the revolution, ideas based upon what two people?
Aristotle and Ptolemy.
The earth was fixed at the center of the universe

Ten transparent spheres moved around it

Beyond this was the heavens

Fit with Christian view

Aristotle’s ideas were accepted for 2,000 years because he offered common sense explanations, pacified religion - "Great chain of being" are what ideas?
Traditional ideas
He was a Polish clergyman
Copernicus
Copernicus based his research on who?
Ptolemy
What was known as the sun-centered theory?
Heliocentric Theory
What did Copernicus write?
On the Revolution of the
Heavenly Spheres (1543)
When did Copernicus denounced his theories?
1616
planets orbit in elliptical motions

velocity varies according to distance from the sun

planets move faster closer to the sun
3 laws of motion
He was a mathematician
Galileo
Galileo wrote what that refined the scientific method?
Two New Sciences
Galileo formulated the law of what?
Inertia
Galileo designed what to see the universe?
Telescope
Galileo worked for what family?
Medici’s of Tuscany
Who allowed him to write on worldly system but could not judge which one actually existed?
Pope Urban VIII
Galileo wrote what that compared the Copernican system with the traditional Ptolemaic system?
Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World (1632)
When was Galileo tried for heresy by the Inquisition?
1633
Newton wrote what?
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1687)
Who was an English politician and writer?
Francis Bacon
What theory did Bacon develop?
Theory of empiricism
Empirical knowledge would make nations what?
Rich and powerful
Who fought in the Thirty Years War and had a vision - correspondence between algebra and geometry, spatial relationships and equations?
René Descartes
René Descartes believed doubted all that could be what?
Doubted
Reduced all matter to spiritual and physical describes what view?
Cartesian Dualism
Descartes developed the idea of what? - use principles to ascertain laws
Deductive reasoning
Who quoted "cogito ergo sum"?
René Descartes
Medieval philosophy separated from religion

Universities established departments of astronomy, mathematics, and physics

Renaissance thinkers recovered many of the classical thinkers

Patronage

Better instruments

Reason are causes of what?
The Scientific Revolution