Science2(Weathering)

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a breakdown process

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weathering

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breakdown of rock into physical pieces by physical means

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mechanical weathering

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expands when it frezzes

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ice

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water seeps into cracks in rocks and frezzes ans expands

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ice wedging

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rocks grinding against eachouther and wearing away exposed sufaces

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abrasion

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plant roots find there way into rocks and then cracks get bigger

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plants

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earthworms can move up to 100 metric ton a year

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animals

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chemical breakdown of rocks and minerals into new substances

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chemical weathering

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carbonic acid sulfuric acis and nitric acid are found in precitpitation

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acid precipitation

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what are the three types of acid precipitation

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carbonic acid sulfuric acis and nitric acid

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contains acid dut to air pollution

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acid precipitation

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may contain weak acids carbonic and sulfuric acid

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water

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licheans produce organic acids that can slowly breal down rock

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acid in living things

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a chemical reaction in which an element such as iron combines and forms with oxygen to form an oxide

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oxidation

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is the process by which softer less weather resistant rock wear away leaving harder more resistant rock

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differental weathering

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what is an example of differental weathering

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devils tower

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occurs on outside surface of rocks.

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shapes of weathering

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oxidation occurs more in humid enviormennts

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weathering and climate

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rocks at higher elevation are exposed to severe weather and the process of weathering increases

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weathering and elevation

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a losses mixture of small fragments and organic material

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soil

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the layer of rock beneath the soil

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bedrock

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the rock that is the source of thte soil

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parent rock

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soilt hat remains above the bedrock were it was formed

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residual soil

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soil deposited away from the area where it was formed

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transported soil

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small particals of decayed plant and animal material

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humus

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horizontal layer of soil

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horizon

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top layer of soil

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top soil

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heavy rain casues nutrients to leach from topsoil quickly and constantly. very thin topsoil

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tropical climate

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very low water => low rates of chemical weathering. ex. death valley

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desert enviorment

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much mehanical and chemical weathering. thick fertile soil developes

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teperate climate

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similar to desert enviorment. little precipatation

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arctic climate

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various methods by which humans take care of the soil

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soil conservation

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contains nutrients nessacary for plants

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soil

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soil provides a place for animals to live

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housing

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soil holds water

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storage

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process by which wind and watertransport soil and sediment from one location to another

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erosion

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planted between harvests to reduce soil erosionand to replace certain nutrients

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cover crops

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crops planted in areas are changed from year to year

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crop rotation

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plowing across the slope of a hills instead of up and down the hills

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countor plowing

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used on steep hills. changes them into a series of flat fields

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terracing