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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy Level
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a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are most likely to be found; only a certain number of electrons can be found in each level of an atom
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Neutron
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an uncharged particle found in the nucleus of an atom
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Electrons
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a subatomic particle in an atom that is negatively charged and that occupies the energy levels in an atom; electrons are invoved in chemical bonds and reactions
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Nucleus
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the center core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
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Element
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substances that contain only one kind of matter
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Atomic Mass
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the average mass of all the know isotopes of an element
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Atomic Number
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the number of protons that an taom contains
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Atom
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the smallest particle of an element that can exist alone or in combination with other atoms
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Molecule
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the smallest particle of a compund that retains the properties of the compound
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Compund
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substances made of two or more elements that cannot be seperated by physical means
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Matter
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anything that has mass and takes up space
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Brittleness
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a mesure of a material's tendency to shatter upon impact
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Elasticity
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a measure of a solid's ability to stretch and then return to it's original shape and size
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Hardness
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measures a solid's resistance to scratching
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Malleability
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a solid's ability to be pounded into thin sheets
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Density
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a propery that describes the relationship between mass and volume
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Condensation
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the process by which a substance in its gaseous state loses energy and enters its liquid state; one phase in the water cycle
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Evaporation
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the process by which a substance in its liquid state gains evergy and enters its gaseus state; one phase of the water cycle
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Mass
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a measure of the inertai of an object; the amount of matter an object has
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Archimedes Priciple
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a principle that states that the force exerted on an object in a liquid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
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Buoyancy
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a measure of the upward force a fluid exerts on an object
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Viscosity
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a measure of a materials resistance to flow
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Valence Electrons
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the electrons in an atom that are invoved in the formation of chemical bonds
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Ions
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an atom that has an electrical charge
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Electronegativity
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tje attraction an atom has for the shared pair of electrons in a chemical bond
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Covalent Bond
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a type of chemical bond that is formed when two atoms share electrons
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Ionic Bond
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a type of chemicl bond between atoms that gained or lost electrons; a bond between ions
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Octet Rule
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states that atoms form bonds with tother atoms by sharing or transferring them to complete their octet and become stable
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Binary Compunds
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a covalent compund that consists of only two types of elements
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Polyatomic Ions
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ions that contain more than one type of atom
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