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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter |
Anything that has mass and takes up space. |
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Chemistry |
The study of matter and how matter changes |
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Substance |
A single kind of matter that is pure, meaning it always has a specific makeup, or composition |
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physical property |
A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it another substance |
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Chemical property |
a characteristic of as substance that describe it's ability to change into different substances |
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Element |
A substance that can't be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means |
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atom |
the basic particle from which all elements are made. |
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chemical bond |
when atoms combine, which is force of contraction between two atoms
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molecule |
a group of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond |
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compound |
a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio |
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chemical formula |
represented by a compound, which shows the elements in the compound, and the ratio of atoms |
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mixture |
made of two or more substances that are together in the same place, but their atoms are are not chemically bonded |
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weight |
a measure of the force of gravity on you |
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mass |
the amount of matter in a object, which close not change with location even if the force of gravity changes |
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international system of units |
to measure the properties of matter |
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volume |
its easy to see that solids, and liquid take ups space, but gases have volume, too. |
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density |
a measure of the mass of a materials in a given volume |
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physical change |
alters that form or appearance of matter into a different substance |
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chemical change |
in some chemical change, a single substance breaks down into two or more other substances |
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law of conservation of mass |
the fact that matter is not created or destroyed in any chemical or physical change |
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temperature |
a measure of how hot or cold somethings |
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thermal energy |
the total energy of the motion of all of the particles in an object |
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endothermic change |
a change in which energy in absorbs |
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Exothermic change: |
releases energy |
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Chemical energy |
the energy stored in the chemical bonds betweenatoms |
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Atom |
the smallest particle that still can be considered an element |
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Electrons |
negatively charged particles |
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Nucleus |
small region in the center of an atom |
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Protons |
positively charged particles |
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Energy level |
positively charged particles |
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Neutron |
no charge |
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Atomic number |
number of protons |
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Mass number |
sum of the protons and neutrons in the atom |
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Atomic mass |
average mass of all the isotopes of that element |
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Periodic table |
an arrangement of elements showing the repeatingpattern of their properties |
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Chemical symbol |
the letter that represents the elements name usuallyone or two letters |
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Period |
rows in the periodic table |
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Group |
column in the periodic table |
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Metals |
elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat |
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Luster |
shiny and reflective |
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Malleable |
material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets orother shapes |
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Ductile |
material that can be pulled out, or drawn into long wires |
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Thermal conductivity |
ability of an object to transfer heat |
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Electrical conductivity |
ability of an object to carry electric current |
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Reactivity |
the ease and speed with which an element combines, orreacts, with other substances |
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Corrosion |
the deterioration of a metal due to a chemical reaction in theenvironment |
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Alkali metals |
(group 1) most reactive in periodic table |
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Alkaline earth metals |
(group 2) less reactive than group 1 and highermelting point and density |
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Transition metals |
( group 3 to 12 ) high melting points and highdensity |
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Nonmetal |
an element that lacks most of the properties of metals |
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Diatomic molecule |
made up of two atoms |
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Halogens |
means salt forming (group17) |
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Noble gases |
(group 18) do not gains lose or share electrons |
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Metalloids |
have some properties of metals and nonmetals |
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Semiconductors |
substances that can conduct electric currentunder some conditions but not under others |
