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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chart of chromosome pairs
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karyotype
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inheritance pattern of a trait that is controlled by two or more genes
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polygenic inheritance
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sex-linked trait
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traits controlled by genes located on sex chromsomes
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the two chromosomes which determine the sex of an individual
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sex chromosome
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22 pairs of matching homologous chromosomes
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autosomes
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traits controlled by more than two alleles
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multiple alleles
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cause the phenotypes of both homozygotes to be produced in heterozygoous individuals
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codominant alleles
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phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate between those of the two homozygotes
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incomplete dominance
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developing baby
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fetus
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heterozygous individual
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carrier
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graphic representation of genetic inheritance
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pedigree
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average of dominant and recessive
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incomplete dominance
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dont average/both dominant and recessive alleles are expressed equally
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codominant alleles
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most common lethal genetic disorder among white American, very thick mucus/defective protein in plasma membrane
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cystic fibrosis
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recessive allele results in the absence of an enzyme that normally breaks down a lipid , CNS disorder
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tay-sachs
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PKU doesnt make enzyme to break down phenlyalanine to tyrosoine
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PKU phenylketonuria
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lethal breakdown of certain areas of the brain, symptoms occur around 30-50, dominant autosomal
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huntingdons
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discovered traits
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thomas hunt
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traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes
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sex-linked traits
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traits controlled by more than two alleles
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multiple alleles
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inheritance pattern of a trait that is controlled by two or more genes
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polygenic inheritance
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nutrition/temperature/light/
chemicals |
external enviromental influences
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age and hormones
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internal enviromental influences
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african-american/no treatment
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sickle cell anemia
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proteins on the outside of your red blood cells
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antigens
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red/green color blindness
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sex-linked traits
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cant clot blood/ carried on X chromosomes/queen victoria
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hemophilia
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dont migrate right
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nondisjunction
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aneuploidy
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abnormal # of chromosomes
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produces organisms with desired traits
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selective breeding
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mating between closely related individuals
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inbreeding
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offspring of selective breeding
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hybrid
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cross of an individual of unknown genotype with an individual of known genotype
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testcross
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faster/reliable method for increasing the frequency of an allele
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genetic engineering
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connecting fragments of DNA
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recombinant
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find foreign DNA to be used
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1
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attach the DNA to a vector that'll introduce DNA segment to the host
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2
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transfer dna vehicle into the host organism
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3
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breakdown of all pollutants
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industry
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human disease treatment/transgenic animals to study disease
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medicine
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bigger/better more disease resistant/human genome project
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agriculture
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