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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
pathogens
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organisms that cause diseases
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infectious disease
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a disease that can pass from one person to another
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pasteurization
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a heating process that is widely used to kill microorganisms in food products such as milk
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phagocyte
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a white blood cell that engulfs pathogens and destroys them by breaking them down
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inflammatory response
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part of the body's defense against pathogens, in which fluid and white blood cells leak from blood vessels into tissues; the white blood cells destroy pathogens by breaking them down
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immune response
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part of the body's defense against pathogens in which cells of the immune system react to each kind of pathogen with a defense targeted specifically at that pathogen
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lymphocyte
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white blood cell that reacts to each kind of pathogen with a defense targeted specifically at that pathogen
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T cell
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a lymphocyte that identifies pathogens and distinguishes one pathogen from another
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antigen
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a molecule on a cell that the immune system can recognize either as part of the body or as coming from outside the body
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B cell
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a lymphocyte that produces chemicals that help destroy a specific kind of pathogen
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antibody
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a chemical produced by a B cell of the immune system that destroys a specific kind of pathogen
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AIDS
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(aquired immunnodeficiency syndrome) a disease caused by a virus that attacks the immune system
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immunity
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the ability of the immune system to destroy pathogens before they can cause diseases
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active immunity
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immunity that occurs when a person's own immune system produces antibodiesin response to the presence of a pathogen
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vaccination
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the process by which harmless antigens are deliberately introduced into a person's body to produce active immunity
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vaccine
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a substance used in vaccination that consists of pathogens that have been weakened or killed but can still trigger the immune system into action
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passive immunity
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immunity in which the antibodies that fight a pathogen come from another organism rather than from the person's own body
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antibiotic
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a chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming the body cells of humans
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noninfectious disease
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a disease that does not spread fom person to person
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allergy
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a disorder in which the immune system is overly sensitive to a foreign substance
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histamine
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a chical that is responsible for the syptoms of an allergy
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asthma
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a disorder in which the respiratory passages narrow significantly
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insulin
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a chical produced in the pancreas that enables the body's cells to take in glucose from the blood and use it for energy
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diabetes
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a condition in which either the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin, or the body' cells can't use it properly
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tumor
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a mass of abnormal cells that develop when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably
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carcinogen
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a sudstance or a factor in the environment that can cause cancer
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