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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ENERGY
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the ability to do work or cause change
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THERMAL ENERGY
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sum of potential and kinetic energy in the molecules of a substance
EX: conduction, convection, radiation, sun, fire, you, geothermal energy |
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ELECTRICITY
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flow of electrons
EX: outlets, lightning, static electrcity |
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RADIANT ENERGY
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the energy of electromagnetic waves
EX: light, UV rays, gammarays, microwaves, x-rays |
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CHEMICAL ENERGY
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stored chemical bonds between atoms. only when bond are broken or formed is energy released
EX: food, fossil fuel, gas, coal, batteries |
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MECHANICAL ENERGY
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sum of kinetic and potential energy of an object
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NUCLEAR ENERGY
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stored in the nucleus of an atom
EX: fission (splitting atoms), fusion(combining atoms), radioactive decay(breaking down of unstable atoms) |
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INERTIA
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the tendency of an object to resist a force
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NEWTON'S FIRST LAW
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an object in motion stays in motion or an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force
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NEWTON'S THIRD LAW
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for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction
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NEWTON'S SECOND LAW
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An object acted upon by a net force will accelerate in the direction of that force
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NORMAL FORCES
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the outward force exerted by a surface
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AIR RESISTANCE
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acts against the direction of motion and gets larger as an object moves faster
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How does the mass of objects affect the amount of gravity between the objects?
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-an INCREASE in mass means an INCREASE gravity
-a DECREASE in mass means a DECREASE gravity |
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How does the distance between the objects affect the amount of gravity?
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-an INCREASE in distance means a DECREASE in gravity
-a DECREASE in distance means an INCREASE in gravity |
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FRICTION
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the rubbing force that acts against motion between two touching surfaces
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NET FORCE
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the total force felt by an object
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SLIDING FRICTION
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the friction that slows down an object that slides
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STATIC FRICTION
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the friction that prevents an object from moving when a net force is applied
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What determines an object's thermal energy?
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The speed at which its particles are moving
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CONDUCTION
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the transfer of heat by direct contact
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RADIATION
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the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves
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CONVECTION
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the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a liquid or gas
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