Science Unit D

Front 1

describe the troposphere

Back 1

layer of atmospheric gases o-10km fr earths surface. temp decreasesw/ increasing distance from earths surfacein of -60.contains 80% of gas by mass.
only layer with temp range ang oxygenconcentration that can support living things.where most weather occurs

Front 2

describe the stratosphere

Back 2

above trop.increases w/ disatance fr earths surfacemost ozone gas.ozone layer

Front 3

describe inversion

Back 3

a reversal of normaltemp patterns seen in the trop

Front 4

describe the thermosphere

Back 4

hottest furthest fr earth.-100 to 1500v.little gas

Front 5

describe the lithosphere

Back 5

home 2 micro organisms plants, animals and humans.warmed by incoming nrg fr sun and molten material in mantle

Front 6

describe the hyrosphere

Back 6

water
97%salt 3%fresh

Front 7

describe climate change

Back 7

a change that occurs in the climate of a region over tme min of 30 years

Front 8

what is the difference between anecdotal and scientific evidence

Back 8

a=evidence that relies on reports fr ppl about certain events and their interpretation on them.not tested 4 bias.
sc=evidece collected in a manner that insures amap it is unbiased reflects general situations rather than particular events. collected by trained scientists

Front 9

what is adaptation

Back 9

any change in the structure or functioning of an organism that makes it more suited to its environment

Front 10

what is thermal energy

Back 10

amount of nrg possesed by a substance of virtue of the kinetic nrg of its molecules or atoms

Front 11

what is solar nrg

Back 11

nrg fr sun. generated by hydrogen-hydrogen nuclear fusion

Front 12

how does cloud cover influence the amount of solar radiation that reaches the earths surface

Back 12

bcause clouds reflect incoming solar radiation back to space and absorb kinetic nrg that is emmited by earths surface

Front 13

what is the electro magnetic spectrum

Back 13

measurment of wavelengths fr the sun.

Front 14

what determines the albedo of a material

Back 14

the amount of solar nrg that is reflected versus the amount absorbed.the albedo is the percent of solar radiation that is reflected. light colored surfaces lik snow reflect more

Front 15

explain earths net radiation budget

Back 15

the diff btween the amount of incoming and outgoing radiationreemitted fr earths surface and atmosphere

Front 16

when does the north pole recieve the highest insolation

Back 16

during our summer

Front 17

what is the angles of inclination

Back 17

the degree thatearths poles r tilted frthe straightof the plane of its orbit

Front 18

what is the angle of incidence

Back 18

the anglebtween a ray falling on a surface and t6he line of perpendicular to that surface

Front 19

describe insolation

Back 19

tha amount of solar nrg recievedby a region of earths surface

Front 20

conduction

Back 20

transfer of thermal nrg through direct contact btween the particles of a substanmce, w/o moving particles 2 a new place.solids

Front 21

convection

Back 21

transfer of thermal nrg through movment of particles fr one place 2 another fluids

Front 22

coriolis effect

Back 22

deflection of an object fr a straight line path by the rotation of the earth. causes movin air or wind 2 turn right in the northern hemisphere and left in the southern hem

Front 23

trade winds

Back 23

regions near equator wind that blow steadily se and se. caused by coriolis effect

Front 24

jet streams

Back 24

band of fast movin air in strato

Front 25

specific heat capacity

Back 25

amount of nrg required 2 raise the temp of a 1g of substance by 1 degree

Front 26

heat of vapourization

Back 26

amount of nrg absorbed when 1 mol of a sub changes fr vapour 2 gas w/o change in temp

Front 27

heat of fusion

Back 27

amout of nrg absorbed when 1 mol of substance changes fr solid 2 liquid w/o change in temp

Front 28

open sytem

Back 28

a system that exchangeg both matter ang nrg w its surroundings

Front 29

closed system

Back 29

xchange nrg but not matter

Front 30

4 main greenhouse gases

Back 30

water vapr, co2, methane, n2o

Front 31

fossil fuels

Back 31

carbon based fuels formed fr dead organisms

Front 32

caebon source

Back 32

any process the releases co2 to the atmospherelike burning fossil fuels

Front 33

carbon sink

Back 33

removing co2 fr atmosphere like photosynthesis

Front 34

enhanced greenhouse effect

Back 34

the change in earths net radiation budget, by increase of human gen greenhouse gas