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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The type of radioactive particle that can be stopped by a sheet of paper is the _____. |
alpha particle |
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The most penetrating type of radiation is the _____. |
gamma ray |
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One type of radioactive device that indicates the intensity of radiation with a clicking sound that increases in frequency as more radiation is present is a _____. |
Geiger Counter |
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A helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons is called a _____. |
alpha particle |
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When strong force is not sufficient to hold unstable nuclei together permanently, _____. |
nuclei decay |
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An instrument that detects radiation by means of a superheated liquid is a _____. |
bubble chamber |
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Negatively charged particles emitted from a nucleus at a high speed are _____ |
beta particles |
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The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses is _____. |
nuclear fusion |
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The three types of nuclear radiation in increasing order of penetrating power are _____. |
alpha beta gamma |
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The stability of an isotope nucleus depends on the _____. |
nuetron-proton ratio |
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Radioactive tracers are useful in ____. |
determining medical problems |
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Both a fusion reactioln and a fission reaction _____. |
produce energy |
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Neutrons released in a fission reaction can strike other nuclei and cause _____. |
chain reaction |
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What would a scientests most likely use carbon-14? |
to calculate the age of a piece of bone
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Thorium-234 has a half-life of 24 days. If you started with a 100-g sample of thorium-234, how much would remain after 48 days? |
25g |
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What element is most likely to be produced during nuclear fusion reaction in the Sun? |
helium 4 |
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If a source of radiation is placed near _____ cells, atoms in the cells can be ionized and can die or stop growing |
cancer |
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When the _____ in not large enough to hold a nucleus together tighly, the nucleus can become radioactive. |
strong force |
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Materials that continue to glow in the dark after they have been exposed to light are said to be _____. |
phosphorescent |
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The ratio of protons to neutrons in stable isotopes of the lighter elements tends to be approximately _____. |
1:1 |
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The most difficult radiation to block out is _____. |
gamma rays |
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A particle released during the fission of uranium-235 is a _____. |
neutron |
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If a neutron begins a nuclear chain reaction, then one product of that reaction must be _____. |
a neutron |
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In a reactor, nuclear energy is produced in the ____. |
fuel rods |
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______ materials absorb light energy, then release it. |
phosphorescent |
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235 92 U and 238 92 U are examples of ____. |
isotopes |
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A _____ is a high energy electron. |
beta |
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Which type of radiation is most penetrating? |
gamma |
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Which is the only type of radiation that might penetrate the walls of a house? |
gamma |
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Which is the source of the electrons produced in beta decay? |
a neutron |
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Which of the following could be dated using carbon-14? |
ashes from a fire |
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When one large nucleus is split into two smaller nuclei, the process is nuclear ____. |
fission |
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To control a chain reaction, a moderator, such as _____ is used to slow down neutrons. |
water |
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Two or more nuclei combine to form one larger nucleus in the process of nuclear ____. |
fusion |
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Alpha particles have a _____ charge. |
+2 |
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Beta particles have a ____ charge. |
-1 |
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Gamma rays have a ____ charge. |
0 |
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Radiations that produce an electric current can be measured with what type of counter? |
Geiger |
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____ is the combining of nuclei. |
Fusion |
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Under certain conditions, some nuclei can emit _____ radiation. |
alpha beta gamma |
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Greatest soucre of radiation is ____. |
radon |
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Does fusion or fission create more energy? |
fusion-sun |
