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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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FOSSIL |
THE PRESERVED REMAINS OR TRACES OF AN ORGANISM THAT LIVED IN THE PAST |
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CAST |
A FOSSIL THAT IS A SOLID COPY OF AN ORGANISM'S SHAPE, FORMED WHEN MINERALS SEEP INTO A MOLD |
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PETRIFIED FOSSIL |
A FOSSIL IN WHICH MINERALS REPLACE ALL OR PART OF AN ORGANISM |
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CARBON FILM |
A TYPE OF FOSSIL CONSISTING OF AN EXTREMELY THIN COATING OF CARBON ON ROCK |
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TRACE FOSSIL |
A TYPE OF FOSSIL THAT PROVIDES EVIDENCE OF ACTIVITIES OF ANCIENT ORGANISMS |
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PALEONTOLOGIST |
A SCIENTIST WHO STUDIES FOSSILS TO LEARN ABOUT ORGANISMS THAT LIVED LONG AGO |
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EVOLUTION |
CHANGE OVER TIME; THE PROCESS BY WHICH MODERN ORGANISMS HAVE DESCENDED FORM ANCIENT ORGANISMS |
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EXTINCT |
TERM USED TO REFER TO A GROUP OF RELATED ORGANISMS THAT HAS DIED OUT AND HAS NO REMAINING MEMBERS |
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RELATIVE AGE |
THE AGE OF A ROCK COMPARED TO THE AGES OF OTHER ROCKS |
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ABSOLUTE AGE |
THE AGE OF A RICK GIVEN AS THE NUMBER OF YEARS SINCE THE ROCK FORMED |
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LAW OF SUPERPOSITION |
THE GEOLOGIC PRINCIPLE THAT STATES THAT IN HORIZONTAL LAYERS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK, EACH LAYER IS OLDER THAN THE LAYER ABOVE IT AND YOUNGER THAN THE LAYER BELOW IT |
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INDEX FOSSIL
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FOSSILS OF WIDELY DISTRIBUTED ORGANISMS THAT LIVED DURING A GEOLOGICALLY SHORT PERIOD |
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INTRUSION
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AN IGNEOUS ROCK LAYER FORMED WHEN MAGMA HARDENS BENEATH EARTH'S SURFACE |
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EXTRUSION |
AN IGNEOUS LAYER FORMED WHEN LAVA FLOWS ONTO EARTH'S SURFACE AND HARDENS |
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FAULT |
A BREAK IN EARTH'S CRUST ALONG WHICH ROCKS MOVE |
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UNCONFORMITY |
A GAP IN THE GEOLOGIC RECORD THAT SHOWS WHERE ROCK LAYERS HAVE BEEN LOST DUE TO EROSION |
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RADIOACTIVE DECAY |
THE PROCESS IN WHICH THE NUCLEI OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS BREAK DOWN, RELEASING FAST MOVING PARTICLES AND ENERGY |
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HALF-LIFE |
THE TIME IT TAKES FOR HALF OF THE ATOMS OF A RADIOACTIVE ELEMENT TO DECAY |
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GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE |
A RECORD OF THE GEOLOGICAL EVENTS AND LIFE FORMS IN EARTH'S HISTORY |
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ERA |
ONE OF THE THREE LONG UNITS OF GEOLOGIC TIME BETWEEN BETWEEN THE PRECAMBRIAN AND PRESENT |
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PERIOD |
ONE OF THE UNITS OF GEOLOGIC TIME INTO WHICH GEOLOGISTS DIVIDE |
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WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT ERAS? |
PALEOZOIC, MESOZOIC, AND THE CENZOIC |
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HOW LONG AGO WAS THE PALEOZOIC ERA? |
600 TO 245 MILLION YEARS AGO |
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HOW LONG AGO WAS THE MESOZOIC ERA? |
245 TO 65 MILLION YEARS ABO |
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HOW LONG AGO WAS THE CENOZOIC ERA? |
65 MILLION YEARS TO PRESENT DAY |
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SOME ELEMENTS BREAK SOWN OR DECAY OVER TIME, RELEASING _____________ AND _____________ |
PARTICLES AND ENERGY |
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THE RATE OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY FOR EACH ELEMENT _____________ CHANGES |
NEVER |
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IN _____________ ROCKS, RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS DECAY OVER TIME INTO OTHER ELEMENTS |
IGNEOUS |
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SCIENTIST USE USE RADIOACTIVE DATING TO DETERMINE THE _____________ _____ OF ROCKS |
ABSOLUTE AGE |
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ALL PLANTS AND ANIMALS CONTAIN SOME _____________-_____ WHICH DECAYS AFTER THE ORGANISM DIES |
CARBON-14 |
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CARBON-14 CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE THE _____________ ___OF A ROCK |
ABSOLUTE AGE |
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GEOLOGIC TIME GOES BACK TO ABOUT ________ MILLION YEARS AGO |
4.6 |
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WE ARE CURRENTLY IN THE _____________ ERA |
CENOZOIC |
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WE ARE CURRENTLY IN THE _____________ PERIOD
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QUATERNARY |
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HUMANS MAY HAVE EVOLVED OVER _____________ YEARS AGO |
190,000 |
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HUMANS HAVE MIGRATED TO EVERY CONTINENT EXCEPT _____________ |
ANTARCTICA |
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WHICH ORGANISM HAS A BETTER CHANCE OF LEAVING A FOSSIL: A JELLYFISH OR A BONY FISH? EXPLAIN. |
A BONY FISH BECAUSE FOSSILIZATION NEEDS A HARD SUBSTANCE TO WORK |
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A GEOLOGIST FINDS AN AREA OF UNDISTURBED SEDIMENTARY ROCK. THE LAYER IS MOST LIKELY THE OLDEST |
THE BOTTOM |
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A GEOLOGIST FINDS IDENTICAL INDEX FOSSILS IN A ROCK LAYER IN THE GRAND CANYON IN ARIZONA AND IN A ROCK LAYER IN NORTHERN UTAH, MORE THAN 675 KILOMETERS AWAY. WHAT CAN SHE INFER ABOUT THE AGES OF THE ROW ROCK LAYERS? |
THE WERE CREATED IN THE SAME AREA/TIME |
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THE TIME IT TAKES FOR HALF A RADIOACTIVE ELEMENT'S ATOMS TO DECAY IS ITS ________ - ________ |
HALF-LIFE |
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URANIUM-235 HAS A HALF-LIFE OF 713 MILLION YEARS. WOULD URANIUM-235 OR CARBON-14 BE MORE USEFUL FOR DATING A FOSSIL FROM PRECAMBRIAN TIME? EXPLAIN. |
URANIUM-235 BECAUSE IT IS THE OLDEST AND CLOSER IN AGE TO THE PRECAMBRIAN TIME |
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THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE IS SUBDIVIDED INTO _____________ AND _____________ |
PERIODS AND ERAS |
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SCIENTISTS DEVELOPED THE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE BY STUDYING _____________ AND _____________ _____________ |
FOSSILS AND ROCK LAYERS |
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HOW OLD IS CARBON-14'S HALF-LIFE? |
5,730 |
