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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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proteins
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building block: amino acids
uses in body: structure, enzymes, energy (last resort) examples: enzymes, muscle, hemoglobin |
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carbohydrates
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building block: saccharides
uses in body: structure, energy (used first) examples: sugars - glucose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, starches - cellulose and starch |
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lipids
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building block: fatty acids
uses in body: structure, hormones, energy (used second) examples: fats, oils, waxes |
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nucleic acids
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building block: nucleotides
uses in body: to store and transfer info examples: DNA and RNA |
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speed
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definition: how fast an object moves
formula: distance/time |
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velocity
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definition: speed with direction
formula: (distance/time) and direction |
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acceleration
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definition: the change in velocity over time
formula: (final speed-initial speed)/time what affects it: speed up, slow down, change direction |
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motion
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a change in position - needs a reference point
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Newton's first law of motion
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(law of inertia) an object at rest or in motion will stay that way unless an outside force acts on it
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inertia
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definition: resistance to motion
what affects it: mass, the larger the mass, the greater the inertia |
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Newton's second law of motion
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definition: (shows how force, mass, and acceleration are related) a net force on an object will cause it to accelerate in the direction of the force
formula: force=mass x acceleration unit: newtons (1lb=4.45N) |
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Newton's third law of motion
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(action-reaction law) for every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force
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momentum
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definition: inertia in motion
formula: mass x velocity |
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centripetal force
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the force towards the center of a curved path that acts on an object
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centripetal acceleration
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acceleration towards the center of a curved or circular path
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terminal velocity
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maximum velocity reached by a falling object
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free fall
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the only force on a falling object is gravity
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gravity
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definition: the attraction between two objects due to their mass
what affects it: mass of the objects and distance between them, the larger the object, the greater the gravitational pull |
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friction
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definition: the resistance force caused when two surfaces touch
what affects it: type of surface and mass |
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mass
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the amount of matter in an object
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weight
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gravity's pull on an object
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projectile motion
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definition: the curved path in the air taken by a projectile
two parts: horizontal - from force on the projectile, vertical - caused by gravity |
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energy
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the ability to do work or cause change
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the six forms of energy
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thermal: heat energy
electrical: from electron movement light: energy from light nuclear: from the nucleus of an atom chemical: something is used for fuel mechanical: kinetic and potential |
