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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the cell theory? |
All living things are made of cells. Cells are the basic unit of production and function in all living things. Living cells come only from other living cells. |
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Structures that make up a cell are called... |
Organelles |
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Cell wall functions? |
*provides protection and support *only in plant *made of cellulose *lets certain materials to go in and out |
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Cell membrane functions? |
*both animal and plant cells *controls movement in and out of cell |
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Cytoplasm functions? |
*space in between stuff |
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Nucleus functions? |
*control center *nuclear membrane surrounds it *chromosomes are in there |
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ER funcs? |
*lead all over the cell *are transportation items for the cell |
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Ribosomes |
*made of nucleic acid *produce proteins shipped in the ER |
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Mitochondria funcs? |
*supplies energy *powerhouse of cell *mighty mitochondria |
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Vacuole funcs? |
*animal cells have smaller ones *storage tanks *store waste products and food |
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Lysosomes funcs? |
*common in animal, not really in plants *contain enzymes that are given the mitochondria to go to the ER *self destruct of cell |
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Chloroplast funcs? |
*have chlorophyll *photosynthesis *in plant cells only |
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Golgi body funcs? |
*packages materials from mito then to ER |
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What is a cells energy source ? |
Carbohydrates |
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What are four things living things need for life? |
Energy, water, living space, and stable internal conditions |
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What is GRRE |
Energy use, growth and development, response to surroundings, and reproduction |
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What is energy used for? |
Ingestion, digestion, excretion, and gas exchange |
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What is unicellular? |
Made up of only 1 cell (amoeba) |
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What is multicellular? |
Made up of many cells (you) |
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What is the order of cell organization in a plant? |
Cell - tissue - organ - organ system - organism |
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What does DNA stand for? |
Deoxyribonucleic acid |
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What are the four bases? |
Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine |
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What are the cellular transports? |
Diffusion, osmosis, or active transport |
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What is diffusion? |
Where molecules of a substance move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (lots of people moved to the US bc there wasn't lots of peeps) |
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What is osmosis? |
Water passes through the cell membrane from higher to lower concentration |
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What is active transport? |
Movement of cells from lower to high concentration, cells use energy for this but not the other 2 |
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Parts of leaf + funcs? |
*epidermis - protection layer *stamata - openings on bottom to let CO2 thru *guard cells - co trol exchange of gases *mesophyll - middle layers of leaf tissue *chloroplasts - where photosynthesis takes place *chlorophyll - green pigment in chloroplasts |
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Cell cycle? |
Interphase - mitosis - cytokinesis |
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What is mitosis? |
Diving of cells to create 2 nuclei |
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Process of mitosis? |
Prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase- telophase |
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What is cytokenisis? |
When the rest of the cell splits |
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What are the two types of genes? |
Dominant and recessive |
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What is a phenotype? |
Physical appearances |
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What is a genotype? |
Genetic make up |
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Who is the father of genetics? |
Gregor Mendel |
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What is homozygous? |
TT or tt (purebred) |
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What is heterozygous? |
Tt (hybrid) |
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What is an allele? |
A gene in a pair (like the T in Tt) |
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Male chromosomes? |
XY |
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Female chromosomes? |
XX |
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What is the epidermis |
Protective outer layer of the leaf |
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What is the stomata |
Small openings that let CO2 in |
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What is Mesophyll? |
Middle layers of leaf tissue |
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Palisade layer |
Uper layer of mesophyll |
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What happens in the chloroplasts? |
Photosynthesis takes place |
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What is chlorophyll? |
Green pigment found in chloroplasts |
