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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chapter 12 What is base pairing? |
The nearly perfect fit between A-T and G-C nucleotides. |
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Chapter 12 What does Complementary mean? |
When two or more things attract or work better together than by themselves. |
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Chapter 12 What is a nucleotide? |
The building block of nucleic acids. They are made up of 3 basic components. A 5 carbon sugar called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. |
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Chapter 12 What is hydrogen bonding? |
Weak chemical forces that form between certain nitrogenous bases, providing just enough force to hold the two strands together. |
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Chapter 12 What is replication? |
A process that takes place during late interphase of the cell cycle and and duplicated the cells DNA before it divides. |
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Chapter 12 What is DNA polymerase? |
An enzyme that joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA. |
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Chapter 12 What is a telomere? |
DNA that is at the tips of the chromosomes and are usually hard to duplicate. |
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Chapter 12 What is the role of DNA in heredity? |
DNA that makes up genes must be capable of storing, copying, and transmitting the genetic information in a cell.
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Chapter 12 What are the chemical components of DNA? |
It is a nucleic acid made up of nucleotides joined into long strands or chains by covalent bonds. DNA also contains nitrous bases in the rungs that include adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. They also have a alternating pattern of a phosphate and deoxyribose in the rings of the DNA.
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What clues/evidence helped scientists determine the structure of DNA? |
chargaff found that there are equal amounts of a,t and g,c,. Frankilin found the basic shape by xray Watson and crick used models to discover a double helix. |
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How does the double helix structure of DNA lend itself to accurate replication? |
It can break off and rejoin fairly easily with the correct combination.
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Chapter 12 What role do enzymes play in the replication of DNA- be specific and name the principal enzyme? |
They unzip the molecule of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between base pairs and unwinding the two strands of the molecule. Each strand then serves as a template for the attachment of complementary bases. The principal enzyme is called DNA polymerase. It joins together individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA. They also proofread each new DNA strand so that each molecule is nearly perfect of the original copy.
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