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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 characteristics of a mineral |
Naturally occurring Inorganic Solid Crystal shape Definite chemical composition |
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Most misleading way to identify a mineral |
Color |
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What is luster? What are the two main types? |
How minerals reflect light. Metallic and non-metallic. |
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The _______ Scale of Hardness is used to determine how resistant a mineral is to scratching. |
Moh's |
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Unique properties of minerals |
Chemical Magnetic Smell Density/Heft |
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Elements make up _______, minerals make up _______. |
Minerals, rocks. |
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How are igneous rocks formed? |
Cooling and crystallizing of lava and magma. |
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Characteristics of instrusive igneous rocks |
Cools inside the Earth Cools slowly Larger crystals |
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Characteristics of extrusive Igneous rocks |
Cools outside the Earth Cools rapidly Smaller crystals |
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What type of cooling of magma causes the following? Course-grained, fine-grained, and glassy. |
Cools slowly, cool rapidly, cools very rapidly. |
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The 2 processes that form clastic sedimentary rocks. |
Compaction and cementation. |
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What causes rocks to have porphyritic features? |
Rocks with different sized crystals |
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What makes igneous rocks vesicular? |
The rock has a spongy texture from gas bubbles |
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What does Felsic and Mafic mean |
Felic-light-colored Mafic-dark-colored |
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What are sediments |
Rocks broken into smaller pieces |
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3 clastic sedimentary rocks |
Breccia, sandstone, shale. |
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How are chemical sedimentary rocks formed? |
Evaporation and precipitation. |
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3 chemical sedimentary rocks |
Chert, salt, limestone. |
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How are organic sedimentary rocks formed? |
Organic processes |
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3 organic sedimentary rocks |
Limestone, coal, slate. |
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How are metamorphic rocks formed |
When rocks undergo immense heat or pressure called metamorphism |
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How are metamorphic rocks classified |
Foliated and non-foliated |
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What does foliated do mean |
Layered |
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What's the difference between contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism? Which type is more common? |
CM- When hot, molten rock comes in contact with solid rock RM- When temperature and pressure affect large regions of Earth's crust. |
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What is ore? |
A naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted. |
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What is an open pit |
Ore extracted near the surface and down into a large pit |
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Mountaintop removal |
The entire mountaintop is removed to expose ore |
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Subsurface |
Underground |
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When would it be a good idea to use subsurface mining instead of surface mining |
When the mineral is deep underground |
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What is surface mining and subsurface mining |
Surface-Cheaper, safer, larger environmental destruction. Subsurface-Expensive, dangerous, and less environmental destruction. |
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During the cookie activity why did you have to put the crumbs back and what is this process called? |
There is a law about it. Reclamation. |
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_______________ are resources provided to us by nature. |
Natural resources |
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Sustainable yield |
Replacement of renewable recourses at the same rate in which they are consumed |
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What is the difference between renewable resources and non-renewable resources? |
R- takes millions of years to replace Non-R-takes a short period of time to replace. |
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Renewable resources |
Solar,wind,geothermal, hydropower, and biomass. |
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Non-renewable resources. |
Coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear fission. |
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How is US energy use different from the rest of the world? |
We use more and are more wasteful. |
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What's the difference between sorted and unsorted sediments? What does the sorting? |
S-similar sizes UnS-unsimilar sizes How far the sediments have traveled. |
