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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are rocks made of |
Grains |
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What are grains made of? |
Minerals |
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What does the size and shape of a rock depend on |
The texture |
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what are interlocking grains sometimes called |
Crystals |
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what is chemical weathering |
Chemical weathering is when rainwater reacts with minerals in the rock. This wears away rock |
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Physical weathering |
This can happen in different ways, the minerals in rocks expand if hot and contract when cooled. These continuous changes in size can produce strong forces and produce cracks withen the rock. Physical weathering can also happen if water leaks in a crack inside the rock and freezes. Water expands when turning into ice and makes the crack wider. This kind of weathering is called the freeze thaw action |
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Biological weathering |
is when rocks are worn away or broken by plants and vegetation eg: A plant can grow into cracks inside the rock and make the crack bigger. |
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Conglomerate rocks? |
consists of rounded pebbles set in a mixture of finer grains |
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Which grains can water get through |
Porus |
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What are metamorphic rocks? |
Rocks formed by other rocks that have experienced intense heat and pressure. |
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Where does extreme heat come from |
magma chamber |
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where does extreme pressure come from |
it come from the weight of the earth. |
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What happens when pressure is uneven? |
The rocks begin to twist, this is called foliation |
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what changes in rocks when they are subjected to extreme heat and pressure |
it can change the shape and the size |
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what is an index material |
a mineral that only forms under a particular temperature and pressure: used to determine the history of the mineral. |
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Cleavage |
The number of smooth planes a mineral breaks across. |
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properties of metamorphic rocks |
Metamorphic rocks are stronger then the original materials because the particles have been fused together under great pressure or heat. |
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color of the rock |
property of rocks and minerals used to identify them |
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streak |
color of powdered or crushed mineral |
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hardness |
how easily a mineral can be scratched, measured on the Mohs hardness scale. |
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lustre |
shininess of the surface of a mineral |
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Intrusive rocks |
Granite, dirite |
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Extrusive rocks |
Scoria, basalt, obsidian |
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Sedimentary parent rock |
Limestone to marble |
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Exfoliated |
To remove the layers from a rock |
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Term when sedimentary rocks are confined |
Cementing |
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Sedimentary rocks |
Sandstone, conglomerate |
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Sedimentary rocks examples |
Formed from compact mud, sand or pebbles, or the remains of living things
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Definitions of sedimentary rock |
Formed from compact mud, sand or pebbles, or the remains of living things
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What are igneous rocks |
Rocks formed by cooling lava or magma |
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Erosion |
The process where natural components such as water and air wear away natural factors such as rock |
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Sedimentary rock example |
Conglomerate, shale, coal |
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What are the three types of sediments |
Biological, chemical, weathered |
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Compacted and cemented |
Compacted- squished under pressure Cemented-glued under pressure |
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When is the test |
Week 5 wed |
