Science Revision

Front 1

Predation (TOI)

Back 1

Is when one organism benefits off another organism, with the organism that is not benefiting being harmed. (One species feeds on another)

Front 2

Paratism (TOI)

Back 2

Is a relationship between 2 different organisms (species of plants or animals) one that benefits at the expense of the other. Parasite harms host

Front 3

Commensalism (TOI)

Back 3

A relation between individuals of 2 species in which one species obtains food or the other benefits from the other without either harming or benefiting the latter

Front 4

Competition

Back 4

The activity or condition of striving to gain or win something by defeating or establishing superiority over others. For example, 2 species share a requirement for resource e.g. food, mate etc... This reduces fitness of one or both species

Front 5

Symbiosis

Back 5

2 species live together -> includes all ecological relationships

Front 6

Ecosystem

Back 6

A system formed by a group of living things interacting with each other and their non-living surroundings. (within their environment)

Front 7

Population

Back 7

The total number of organisms in a particular species that inhabit a particular place

Front 8

Habitat

Back 8

The natural home range or environmnet of an organism

Front 9

Community

Back 9

An interacting group of various organisms within a location

Front 10

Abiotic

Back 10

Non - living factors that affect the ecosystem

Front 11

Biotic

Back 11

Living factors in the human environment

Front 12

Interdependance

Back 12

living things that depend on each other for survival

Front 13

Endocrine System

Back 13

A system which consists of a ductless group of glands that regulate body processes by secreting chemical substances known as hormones

Front 14

Neurones

Back 14

Are the nerve cells that build up the nervous system. Build up NERVES. Everything that happens with the stimulation of a neurone. There are 2 types of neurones, afferent and efferent.

Front 15

Photosynthesis

Back 15

Refer to book

Front 16

Producers

Back 16

Makes, supplies or grows goods. Are autotrophic (they are responsible for making their own food and food for the rest of the community).

Front 17

Consumers

Back 17

Are heterotrophs, they are unable to make their own food so they rely on producers and other consumers for energy

Front 18

Mutualism

Back 18

symbiosis which is beneficial to both organisms involved

Front 19

Biodiversity

Back 19

the variety of all living things e.g. plants and animals and micro - organisms, the genetic information they contain and the ecosystems they form

Front 20

Bioaccumulation

Back 20

Refers to the accumulation of substances, such as pesticides, or other organic chemicals in an organism

Front 21

Enzyme

Back 21

Substrate specific.

Front 22

Reflex

Back 22

An involuntary action

Front 23

Heart

Back 23

A muscle located in the lungs and behind the sternum, it is responsible for pumping blood around the body. It provides nutrients and oxygen and removes wastes. It contracts through involuntary movement.

Front 24

What does the heart consist of?

Back 24

2 atrias, 2 ventricles, 1 aorta. Has 4 chambers. KNOW BLOOD FLOW

Front 25

Veins, Arteries, Capillaries

Back 25

Make up the main blood vessels in the body. Capillaries are tiny microscopic vessels with very thin porous walls. Capillaries join together into venules which join into veins that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart into the body, when it reaches the organs and passes through arterioles that conveys the blood into the capillaries.

Front 26

Recycling

Back 26

The majority of our blood is used over and over again. Oxygen rich blood is pumped from you left side of your heart throughout your body and oxygen poor blood is received in the right side of the heart where it is then sent to the lungs to exchange for CO2 for O2

Front 27

Heart Contraction (2)

Back 27

The heart muscle contracts in 2 stages. First the right and left atria contract and pump the blood into the ventricles. Then the ventricles contract together to pump the blood around the body. The heart then relaxed before he next beat.

Front 28

Receptors (4)

Back 28

A sensroy receptor is a neurone that detects stimuli:

Mechanoreceptors - movements, pressure, tension

Photoreceptors - variations in light

Chemoreceptors - chemicals in environment

Pain Receptors - tissue damage

Front 29

Homeostasis

Back 29

Is the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain equillbrium, usually by a system of feedback controls

Front 30

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 30

Made of the neurones not in the central nervous system. Its main function is to connect the central nervous system to limbs and organs.

Front 31

Central Nervous System

Back 31

Consists of brain, spinal cord and a complex network of neurones. This system is responsible for sending, receiving and interpreting information from all parts of the body.

Front 32

Somatic

Back 32

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Front 33

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 33

Is part of the peripheral nervous system. It regulates the functions of our internal organs and also controls some muscles

Front 34

Stimulus

Back 34

Arouses activity, evokes a specific functional reaction

Front 35

Afferent Neurone

Back 35

carrys signals toward the nervous system

Front 36

Efferent Neurone

Back 36

carrys signals away from the nervous system

Front 37

Nervous System

Back 37

A communication system that controls all parts of your body. The nervous system is made of 2 parts central and peripheral.

Front 38

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System

Back 38

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