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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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unicellular
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organisms that are made of a single cell
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cell membrane
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a protective covering that encloses the entire cell
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cytoplasm
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a gelatin like material enclosed inside the cell
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organelle
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any part of a cell that is enclosed in a membrane
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eukaryotic cell
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the genetic material is enclosed in a nucleus
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prokaryotic cell
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a cell with no separate compartment for the genetic material
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chloroplasts
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organelles in which the energy from sunlight is used to make sugar
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mitochondria
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the organelles that use oxygen to get energy from processing food
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tissue
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a group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job
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organ
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different tissues working together to perform a particular function
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photosynthesis
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the process that plant cells use to change the energy from sunlight into chemical energy
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endocytosis
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the process of actively moving materials into a cell
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exocytosis
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the process of actively moving materials out of a cell
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passive transport
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a process where materials move without using the cell's energy
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dominant
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a trait (allele) that is expressed even if only one copy is present
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recessive
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a trait (allele) that is expressed only if there are two copies present
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vascular system
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the system in plants that allows materials to move from the roots to the leaves
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angiosperm
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a plant that produces flowers and fruit
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gymnosperm
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a plant that produces seeds, but not fruit
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invertebrate
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an animal that does not have a backbone
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vertebrate
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an animal with a backbone
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physics
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the study of matter and how it interacts
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velocity
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how fast something moves in a specific direction
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acceleration
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the rate at which velocity changes with time
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force
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a push or a pull
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Newton's first law
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an object as rest remains at rest and objects in motion remain in motion
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Newton's second law
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the acceleration of an object increases with increased force, decreases with increased mass, and is in the same direction as the force
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Newton's third law
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for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
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Formula for Force
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Force = Mass X Acceleration
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atom
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the smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of that element
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proton
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a positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom
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neutron
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an uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom
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electron
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negatively charged particles that move around the outside of the nucleus of an atom
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atomic number
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the number of protons in an atom and the number of elements on the periodic table
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isotopes
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atoms with different numbers of protons
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element
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a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical changes -- consists of atoms of only one type
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covalent bond
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a pair of electrons shared by two atoms
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ionic bond
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the electrical attraction between a negative ion and a positive ion
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