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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
convection
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the transfer of themal energy by movements of liquid
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convection currents
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the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers thermal energy from one part of the fluid to another
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conduction
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the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between particles of matter
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radiation
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the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
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sea-floor spreading
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the process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor
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subduction
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the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary
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deep-ocean trench
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a deep valley along the ocean floor through which oceanic crust slowly sinks towards the mantle
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mid-ocean ridge
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the undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary
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fossil
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the preserved remains or traces of living things that lived in the past
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Pangaea
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the name of the single landmass that broke apart 225 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents
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divergent boundary
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a plate boundary where two plates move away from each other
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convergent boundary
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a plate boundary where two plates move toward each other
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transform boundary
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a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions
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continental drift
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the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface
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fault
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a break or crack in the Earth's lithosphere along which rocks move
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plate boundary
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the edges of different pieces of the lithosphere which meet
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plate tectonics
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the theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle
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plates
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a section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust
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rift valley
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a deep valley that forms where two plates move apart
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