Science Plants

Front 1

Photosynthesis

Back 1

6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight ---->C6H12O6

Front 2

Blade

Back 2

Contain chlorophyll (for photosynthesis) and allow for gas exchange and water evaporation

Front 3

Vein

Back 3

Carry water, minerals and sugars throughout the blade.

Front 4

Midrib

Back 4

center vein

Front 5

Vascular

Back 5

has veins

Front 6

Petiole

Back 6

short stalk that connects the leaf to the stem and transports stuff between the two

Front 7

Simple

Back 7

one blade

Front 8

Compound

Back 8

two or more small blades (leaflets) linked to a main petiole

Front 9

Pinnate

Back 9

Short stalk that connects the leaf to the stem and transports stuff between the two

Front 10

Palmate

Back 10

Like the fingers and palm of your hand several lobes radiating from a central point

Front 11

Stem

Back 11

structure that supports leave and flowers, and transports water and nutrients

Front 12

Function of a stem (3)

Back 12

1) Support leave and flowers
2) Transport water and nutrients
3) Food storage areas (in some plants, for example, potatoes)

Front 13

Function of a root (3)

Back 13

1) Absorb water and minerals.
2) Anchor the plant.
3) Store some food. (Like a carrot)

Front 14

Root hairs

Back 14

cover root and increase surface area

Front 15

Taproot

Back 15

Single, large central root with smaller side roots branching out from it.

Front 16

Fibrous

Back 16

Clump of short threadlike roots. Usually shallower than taproots. Better at preventing soil erosion.

Front 17

Flowers

Back 17

reproductive organ of a flowering plant which produces sperm and/or eggs

Front 18

Pollination

Back 18

The process of transporting pollen from male to female flower parts

Front 19

Fertilization

Back 19

Union of egg and sperm resulting in zygote and egg resulting respectively

Front 20

Seed

Back 20

Reproductive structure consisting of a plant embryo and its stored food.

Front 21

Fruit

Back 21

What seeds develop into in flowering plants, they house and protect seeds

Front 22

Autotrophs

Back 22

Make their own food

Front 23

Producers

Back 23

Make food that other organisms can use

Front 24

Why do we like plants? (7)

Back 24

1) We eat them; they are usually the first link in most food chains, their energy is stored in carbohydrates (complexsugar) bonds.
2) They make oxygen; needed for cellular respiration.
3) They provide shelter directly and indirectly.
4) Agriculture.
5) Medicine (Aspirin, Quinine, Taxol, etc.)
6) Industry (Dyes, Glues, Perfumes, Car Wax, Leather Preservation, Polish, Fabric, Rope, Lumber, Fuel, Etc.)
7) Prevent Erosion

Front 25

Why do we dislike plants? (4)

Back 25

1) Some are poisonous.
2) Weeds compete with “good” plants.
3) Roots can damage underground structures and falling trees can damage stuff.
4) Some of us are allergic to plant sperm.

Front 26

Plant Cells (6)

Back 26

1) Are Specialized
2) Have cell walls
3) Are Eukaryotic
4) Contain chloroplasts
5) Share cytoplasm with can pass through cell wall pores
6) Most have vacuoles for water storage

Front 27

Plants (3)

Back 27

o Multicellular
o Autotrophs
o Stationary

Front 28

Dermal Tissue

Back 28

Protective, outer layer; sometimes photosynthesizes

Front 29

Vascular Tissue

Back 29

transports stuff

Front 30

Xylem

Back 30

transports water

Front 31

Phloem

Back 31

Transports Food

Front 32

Ground Tissue

Back 32

Perform photosynthesis and store organic compounds

Front 33

Why are plants called producers?

Back 33

make food for themselves and other organisms as well

Front 34

Vascular Plant

Back 34

Contain vascular tissue. The larger the plant, the more vascular tissue it contains.

Front 35

Non Vascular Plant

Back 35

Don’t contain vascular tissue. Typically smaller because they can’t transport stuff.

Front 36

Reproduction: Seedless Plants

Back 36

Embryo develops inside the parent plant.

Front 37

Gynosperm

Back 37

Seeds in cones

Front 38

Angiosperm

Back 38

Seeds in fruit

Front 39

Annuals

Back 39

live, produce, and die in one year or growing season

Front 40

Biennial

Back 40

completes life cycle in two years, usually don’t flower until second year

Front 41

Perennial

Back 41

Life cycle continues indefinitely

Front 42

Name three important adaptations of plants.

Back 42

o internal vascular transport system
o production of seeds
o enclosure of seeds in a protective covering

Front 43

Plant Classification

Back 43

size, woodiness, method of reproduction, and life span

Front 44

Cuticle

Back 44

Waterproof layer that coats leaf, helps sow evaporation

Front 45

Stoma (Stomata)

Back 45

Pores in the epidermis, allow CO2 to enter and water vapor and O2 to diffuse out

Front 46

Mesophyll

Back 46

tissue found between the upper and lower epidermis lots of air spaces allowing gases to be exchanged, where most photosynthesis takes place

Front 47

What you need for photosynthesis:

Back 47

light
water
carbon dioxide

Front 48

Atmospheric CO2 has increased dramatically, Why?

Back 48

We are burning more wood and fossil fuels

Front 49

Main function of a leaf

Back 49

to photosynthesize

Front 50

Cellular Respiration

Back 50

opposite photosynthesis, breakdown of glucose molecules into CO2 and H2O releasing energy in the process

Front 51

guard cells

Back 51

regulate the stomata of a leaf

Front 52

What is the light compensation of a plant?

Back 52

the amount of life energy captured by photosynthesis that will keep a plant alive

Front 53

Turgor

Back 53

the rigidity of a cell caused by osmotic pressure, the more water there is, the more turgor there is

Front 54

Water

Back 54

enters the roots through osmosis

Front 55

minerals

Back 55

taken into roots by diffusion or active transport

Front 56

Transpiration-Cohesion Theory

Back 56

water moves by transpiration (evaporation of water through the stomata) since substances tend to move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressures

Front 57

Meristems

Back 57

growing tissues (through mitotic division) of plants

Front 58

Primary Growth

Back 58

results in elongation of stems and roots through apical (tip) meristems

Front 59

Secondary Growth

Back 59

results in an increase in girth through lateral meristems