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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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solar prominences
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streamers of glowing gas that arch into space
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sunspots
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cooler, darker regions at the surface; their numbers increase and decrease in a regular pattern
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photosphere
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the surface of thr sun (the part we see) which is about 6000 degrees C
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corona
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the outermost region of gas surrounding the sun which can reach over 3,000,000 degrees C
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solar flares
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violent outbursts of hot gasses that send streams of high energy particles into space; these streams of particles are called the solar wind
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the sun is a huge sphere made of mostly _____________
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hydrogen gas
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what is a nebula
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a dense cloud like collection of gas and dust in space
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what evidence supports the big bang theory?
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galaxies are moving away from each other so the universe seems to be expanding
space probes have mapped out backround radiation that may be the remains of the radiation given off from the big bang |
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what is the big bang theory?
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the universe and everythig in it began in an event that happened 13.7 billion yrs ago. before it happened there was nothing and no energy, then when the bang happened it gave rise to all the energy and matter in the universe
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what is a spectroscope?
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an instrument that can separate white ligjt into its wavelength of colour.
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what angle is the earths axis tilted?
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23.5 degrees
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who was Ptolemy?
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a greek astronomer
thought the earth was the center of the universe |
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who was Copernicus?
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a polish astronomer who proposed that planets inculding the earth revolved around the sun
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who was Galileo?
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an italian astronomer who confirmed that all the planets revolved around the sun.
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who was Kepler?
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a german mathematician that the planets revolved around the sun in elliptical orbits
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what is an eclipse?
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the total or partial blockig of sunlight that occurs when one object in space passes infront of another
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low mass star evolution |
nebula, protostar, red dwarf, white dwarf. ( may last 100 billion yrs because burns energy slowly.
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intermediate star evolution
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stable main sequence stage
red giant dim white dwarf (burn their fuel faster will last about 10 billion yrs) |
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high mass star evolution
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stable massive main sequence stage
super giant supernova (spreading matter heavier elements throughout space) becomes neutron star or a black hole (burn fuel the fastest only lasts about 7 billion yrs) |
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when the moon is getting bigger its ...
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waxing
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when the moon is getting smallwr its ...
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waning
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what is the closest galaxy?
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andromeda
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describe an ellyptical galaxy
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perfectly spherical-cigar shaped
contains the oldest stars in the universe it is the most common galaxy, mpre than 50 percent of all galaxies are ellyptical galaxies |
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what is a globular stat cluster?
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a star cluster with up to 1 million stars
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what is an open star cluster?
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a star cluster that contains hundreds to tens of thousands of stars
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What is interstellar matter?
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the matter between the stars (gas & dust) it blocks muh of our view of the universe.
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what does the Hertzsprung russel diagram suggest?
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stars are dynamic and they relate to luminosity (brightness) to their colour (temperature)
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what are the 4 inner planets? (terrestrial)
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venus, earth, mars and murcury
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what are the planets referred to as gas giants?
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jupiter, saturn, uranus, and neptune.
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define paralax.
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the apparent shift of an object against a stationary backround due to change in position of the observer.
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what is a geocentric and a heliocentric model?
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a geo means the earth is in the center and a helio is when the sun is in the center
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