Science Notecards 22

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Respiratory System:Respiratory System a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for the process of respiration in an organsim

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Trachea: each of a number of fine chitinous tubes in the body of an insect, conveying air directly to the tissues.

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Bronchioles: any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides.

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Alveoli:any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

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lungs:each of the pair of organs situated within the rib cage, consisting of elastic sacs with branching passages into which air is drawn, so that oxygen can pass into the blood and carbon dioxide be removed. Lungs are characteristic of vertebrates other than fish, though similar structures are present in some other animal groups.

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Diaphragm:a dome-shaped, muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen in mammals. It plays a major role in breathing, as its contraction increases the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.

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Pulmonary Artery:the artery carrying blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

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Asthma:a respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing. It usually results from an allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity.

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Emphysema:a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.

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Pneumonia:lung inflammation caused by bacterial or viral infection, in which the air sacs fill with pus and may become solid. Inflammation may affect both lungs.

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