Science New Set

Front 1

what are the 3 big groups of rocks

Back 1

igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

Front 2

igneous rocks form from

Back 2

magma, lava

Front 3

________ are formed onto the earth's surface form lava

Back 3

extrusive rocks

Front 4

what is an example of a extrusive rock

Back 4

granite

Front 5

what type of rock is formed when magma is hardened beneath the surface

Back 5

intrusive rock

Front 6

what is the most common intrusive rock

Back 6

granite

Front 7

what do igneous rocks lack

Back 7

crystal structer

Front 8

what type of rock is small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things

Back 8

sediment

Front 9

how are sedimentary rocks formed

Back 9

throughout a sequence of processes; weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction & cementation

Front 10

what is weathering

Back 10

the effect of freezing and thawing plant roots, acid, and other forces on rocks

Front 11

what is erosion

Back 11

the process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rocks

Front 12

deposition

Back 12

is the process which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it

Front 13

the process that pressess sediments together is

Back 13

compaction

Front 14

what is the process called in which dissolved minerals crystallizes and glue particles of sediment together

Back 14

cementation

Front 15

what are the 3 major groups of sedimentary rocks

Back 15

clastic, organic and chemical

Front 16

clastic rocks

Back 16

formed when rock fragments are squeezed together

Front 17

what is an example of a clastic rock

Back 17

shale, sandstone, conglomerate, breccia

Front 18

organic rock

Back 18

forms where the remains of plants and animals are deposited in layers

Front 19

what is an example of an organic rock

Back 19

coal, lime stone

Front 20

chemical rocks

Back 20

forms when minerals dissolve in a water solution & crystallize

Front 21

give example of chemical rocks

Back 21

rock salt, limestone made from precipitated calcite

Front 22

how does a rock change when great heat and pressure are applied

Back 22

changes shape and composition

Front 23

any rock that forms from another rock as a result of changes in eat or pressure (or both) is a _________ rock

Back 23

metamorphic

Front 24

how do geologists classify metamorphic rocks

Back 24

according to the arrangement of the grains making up the rocks

Front 25

metamorphic rocks that have their grains arranged either in parallel layers or bands are said to be _______

Back 25

foliated

Front 26

what does foliated describe

Back 26

the thin flat layering found in in most metamorphic rocks

Front 27

what does it mean if a metamorphic rock is called non foliated

Back 27

the mineral grains in these rocks are arranged randomly

Front 28

THE ROCK CYCLE

forces deep inside earth & at the surface produce a slow cycle that builds destroys and changes rocks in the _______

Back 28

curst

Front 29

the rock cycle is a series of processes that occur on earths surface and in the _____ and _____ that slowly change from one kind to another

Back 29

crust and mantle

Front 30

the rock cycle has no______ or ___ it cycles over and over again

Back 30

beginning or end

Front 31

what 2 things wear away and move pieces of rock

Back 31

weathering and erosion

Front 32

the movement of ________ _______ helps drive the rock cycle by helping to form magma, the source of igneous rocks

Back 32

plate tectonics

Front 33

the movement of these plates can create igneous rocks 3 different ways- explain

Back 33

1. when oceanic plates move apart
2.when an oceanic plate is subjected beneath a continental plate plate
3. a collision of continental plates can pus rocks so deep that they melt to magma, leading to the formation of igneous rock.