Science Midterm

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Organism

Back 1

Things that have all the characteristics of life.

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Cell

Back 2

The smallest unit of life.

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Unicellular

Back 3

Living things that are made of only one cell.

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Multicellular

Back 4

Living things that are made of two or more cells.

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Homeostasis

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An organism's ability to maintain stay internal conditions on outside conditions change.

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Binomial nomenclature

Back 6

Give each organism a two-word scientific name.

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Species

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Is a group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring.

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Genus

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Is a group of similar species.

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Dichotomous key

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Is a series of descriptions arranged in pair that lead to the user to the identification of a unknown organism.

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Cladogram

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Is a branched diagram that shows the relationship among organisms, including common ancestors.

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Light microscope

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Use light and lenses to enlarge an image of an object.

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Compound microscope

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Light microscope that uses more than one lenses to magnify an object.

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electron microscope

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Use a magnetic field to focus a beam of electrons to an object or onto an object surface.

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Cell theory

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Stace that I live in things I made of one or more sales, the cell is the smallest you know of life, and all new cells come from pre-existing self.

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Macromolecules

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form by joining many small molecules together.

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Nucleic acids

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Are macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together.

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Proteins

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Are long chains of amino acid molecules.

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Lipid

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Is a large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water.

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Carbohydrates

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One sugar molecule, two sugar molecules, or a long chain of sugar molecules.

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Cell membrane

Back 20

Is a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside a cell.

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Cell wall

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Is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane.

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Cytoplasm

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A fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other molecules.

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Cytoskeleton

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Is a network a thread like proteins that are joined together.

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Organelles

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Which has specialized functions.

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Nucleus

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Is the part of a eukaryotic sell that direct cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA.

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Chloroplasts

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Are membrane bound organelles that use light energy to make food - sugar called glucose - from water and carbon dioxide and process known as photosynthesis.

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Passive transport

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Is the movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell's energy.

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Diffusion

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Is the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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Osmosis

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Is the diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane.

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Facilitated diffusion

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When molecules pass through a cell membrane using special proteins called transport proteins.

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Active transport

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Is the movement of substances through a cell membrane only by using the cells energy.

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Exocytosis

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Is the process during which a cells vesicles release their concerts outside the cell.

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Endocytosis

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Is the process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane.