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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define organic |
almost any carbon-containing compound. |
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define organic chemistry |
the study of compounds that contain carbon |
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define inorganic |
a compound that generally does not contain carbon |
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what are the exceptions to the organic compounds |
carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ionic carbonates |
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define hydrocarbon |
an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen |
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what is the simplest hydrocarbon |
methane. it has a carbon atom boned to four hydrogen atoms |
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define alcohol |
an organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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define solvent |
a liquid that can dissolve other substances |
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define pH scale |
a number scale for measuring how basic or acidic a solution is |
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define acid |
a chemical compound that produces a solution with pH less than 7 |
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define base |
a compound with pH more than 7 |
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define neutral |
a compound with a pH of 7 |
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define pH indicator |
a chemical that changes colour depending on the pH of the solution they are placed in
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define litmus paper |
a thin strip of paper that works as a pH indicator |
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what colour do the types of litmus paper turn when submerged in acids and bases? |
when red litmus paper is placed in a basic solution it turns blue. when blue litmus paper is placed in an acidic solution it turns red. |
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define phenolphthalein |
a colourless chemical compound, but when placed in moderately basic to highly basic solutions it turns pink |
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how can one identify an acid by its chemical formula? |
most being with H, such as HCl. if it contains carbon they are at the right side. |
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how do you name an aqueous acid? |
the name ends with -ic acid, such as hydrochloric acid. |
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how do you name an acid that begins with hydrogen and ends with -ite? |
the end of the name becomes -ous acid, such as sulfurous acid. |
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define caustic |
a solution made from highly reactive bases. |
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what to acids and bases produce when dissolved in solution? |
bases produce hydroxide ions and acids produce hydrogen ions. |
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define concentration |
the number of ions in a specific volume of solution |
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define neutralization (acid-base) |
the name for the type of chemical reaction that occurs when an acid and a base react to form salt and water |
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define oxide |
a chemical compound that includes at least one oxygen atom or ion with one or more other elements |
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define metal oxide |
a chemical compound that contains a metal chemically combined with oxygen |
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define non-metal oxide |
a chemical compound that contains a non-metal chemically combined with oxygen |
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what happenes when a metal oxide dissolves in water? |
the solution becomes basic |
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what happens when a non-metal oxide dissolves in water? |
the solution becomes acidic |
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where are the most reactive elements on the periodic table? |
the left side |
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what is the product of acid base neutralization? |
water and a salt |
