Science Human Body Chapter 1

Front 1

All the bones in the body make up the _____________

Back 1

skeletal system

Front 2

list the skeletons 5 major functions

Back 2

1. Gives shape and support to body 2. protect internal organs 3. muscles attach to bones 4.blood cells are formed in the marrow in the center of bones 5. Calcium and phosphorus compounds are stored in bones

Front 3

tough, tight-fitting membrane that covers the bone's surface

Back 3

Periosteum

Front 4

hard, strong layer under the periosteum

Back 4

compact bone

Front 5

compact bone gives bone its _________

Back 5

strength

Front 6

compact bone contains deposits of__________and_________

Back 6

calcium and phosphate

Front 7

found toward the ends of long bones

Back 7

spongy bone

Front 8

filled with marrow, which produces blood cells

Back 8

spongy bone

Front 9

rubbery layer of tissue found at the end of bones, where they form joints

Back 9

cartilage

Front 10

when your first born your bones are made of________

Back 10

cartilage

Front 11

________build up bone by depositing calcium and phosphorus, which make bone tissues hard

Back 11

Osteoblasts

Front 12

__________ break down bone tissue

Back 12

Osteoclasts

Front 13

any place where 2 or more bones come together

Back 13

Joint

Front 14

tough band of tissue that holds bones in place

Back 14

ligament

Front 15

Name the type of joint and give an example:

allows little to no movement

Back 15

immovable joint

joints in the skull

Front 16

name the type of joint and give an example:

one bone rotates in a ring of a stationary bone

Back 16

pivot joint

turning your head

Front 17

name the type of joint and give an example:

rounded end of one bone fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone

Back 17

ball-and-socket joint

hips

Front 18

name the type of joint and give an example:

back-and-forth movement

Back 18

hinge joint

elbows

Front 19

name the type of joint and give an example:

one part of a bone slides over another bone

used the most in the body

Back 19

gliding joint

wrists

Front 20

an organ that can relax and contract, and provides the force to move your body

Back 20

muscle

Front 21

muscles that you're able to control

Back 21

voluntary muscle

Front 22

muscles that you can't contol

Back 22

involuntary muslce

Front 23

________muscles move bones

Back 23

skeletal

Front 24

most common type of muscle

Back 24

skeletal

Front 25

thick bands of tissue that attach muscle to bones

Back 25

tendons

Front 26

this muscle is found only in the heart

Back 26

cardiac

Front 27

both cardiac and skeletal muscles are ______

Back 27

striated

Front 28

these muscles are found in internal organs

Back 28

smooth muscles

Front 29

when one muscle ________ the other _____

Back 29

contracts, relaxes

Front 30

muscles always push/pull

Back 30

pull

Front 31

muscles that are used more often will be_____ than ones that aren't

Back 31

larger

Front 32

muscles work because blood carries _____________ to the muscles

Back 32

energy-rich molecules

Front 33

what is the largest organ of the body

Back 33

skin

Front 34

outer, thinnest layer of skin

Back 34

epidermis

Front 35

pigment that protects your skin and gives it color

Back 35

melanin

Front 36

the middle layer of skin

Back 36

dermis

Front 37

dermis is _________ than the epidermis

Back 37

thicker

Front 38

contains blood vessels, nerves, muscles, oil, sweat glands.

Back 38

dermis

Front 39

this layer of skin insulates the body

Back 39

fatty layer

Front 40

list the 5 functions of the skin

Back 40

1. protection

2. sensory response

3. formation of vitamin D

4. regulation of body temperature

5. elimination of wastes through sweat glands

Front 41

how do bruises form

Back 41

tiny blood vessels beneath the skin burst and leak into surrounding tissues

Front 42

_________beneath the scab grow to fill in the gap of the torn skin

Back 42

skin cells

Front 43

pieces of skin that are cut from one part of a body and moved to an injuered area

Back 43

skin grafts

Front 44

describe how vitamin D helps your bpdy

Back 44

it helps your body absorb calcium