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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chromosomes
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a rod shaped structure found in the nucleus of every cell
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multiple alleles
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when there is more than three different traits
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blood typing
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the different types of blood
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down's syndrome
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where the offspring is born with one extra 21st chromosome
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colour blindness
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a recessive trait found on the X chromosome. it causes people(mostly males) to not see certain colours.
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non disjunction
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where a chromosome is not divided in meiosis which leads to one more or one less chromosome.
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amniocentesis
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where the scientists take a bit of liquid from the womb of the mother and test it for disease
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probability
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the chance of something happening
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genetic engineering
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is the process in which genes from one organism are transferred into another organism
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inbreeding
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when organisms closely related mate
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ice minus bacteria
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are bacteria put into a crop to lower the level of freezing point of the water in the cells
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plasmid
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a ring of DNA
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hepatitis B
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a serous liver disease. the vaccine is an example of genetic engineering.
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autosomal
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a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
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allele
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each form of a gene
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sex linked trait
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a trait passed down on the X and Y chromosomes; not the autosomes
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sickle cell anemia
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where the blood cells are not shaped correctly and not enough oxygen is provided
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hemophilia
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a sex based traits where the blood cells dont clot so you dont stop bleeding
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male pattern baldness
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another sex cell linked trait only shown in men
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meiosis
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splitting of the chromosomes
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ultrasound
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using technology to look inside; usually used to look at growth of unborn babies
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pedigree chart
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a chart depicting certain traits of a family
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karyotype
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the size, number and shape of the chromosomes
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hybridization
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is the breeding of two similar species with different variations of the same trait
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selective breeding
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breeding certain organisms for desirable traits. some are used for example, a mule
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hybrid vigor
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where the hybrid offspring are stronger or healthier of either parents.[ex mule]
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vaccine
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a dead or weakened form of the virus that is injected so the immune system can learn to fight it off with antibodies without getting any symptoms.
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recombinant DNA
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is a man made strand of DNA where you take some DNA from one organism and put it in the Plasmid of another
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interferon
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is a protein produced in the body that helps the body fight virus's
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