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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cell
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the basic unit of structure qand function in living things
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microscope
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an instrument that makes small objects look larger
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cell theory
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states all living things are composed of cells, what cells are, all cells are produced from other cells
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magnification
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the ability to make things look larger than they are
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convex lens
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the center of the lens is thicker than the edges, it has a cirved shape
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resolution
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to clearly distinguish the individuual parts of an object
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organelle
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tiny structures in a cell
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cell wall
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a ridgid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms
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cell membrane
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control what substances come into and out of a cell
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nucleus
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the cells main control center
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chromatin
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strands that contain the genetic material, the instructions that direct the function of a cell
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cytoplasm
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the organelles funtion to produce energy, build and transport needed materials and sore and recycle wastes
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mitochondria
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produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions
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endoplasmic reticulum
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carry proteins and other from one of the cell to another
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ribosomes
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release some proteins throught the wall of the endoplasmic reticulum
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golgie bodies
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cells main room they receive proteins and other newly formed materials and distribute them to other cells
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chlorplasts
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capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell
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vacuole
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storage area of the cell
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lysosomes
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small roundstructures that contain chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones
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element
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any substances that cant be broken down into simpler substances
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atom
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smallest unit of an element
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compound
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when two or more elements combine chemically
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molecule
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smallest unit of a compound
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carbohydrate
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an energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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protein
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large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and sulfur
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enzyme
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type of protoein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing
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lipid
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use energy rich organic compunds made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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nucelic acids
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very large organic molecules made of carbon and oxygen, hydrogen nitrogen and phosphorus
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DNA
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genetic material that carries information about an organism that is passed from parent to offspring
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RNA
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important role in the produciton of proteins it is found in the cytoplasm
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