Science Final Words

Front 1

minimum amount of energy thathas to be added to get a chemical reaction started

Back 1

activation energy

Front 2

a solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction

Back 2

precipitate

Front 3

the combination of two or more atoms

Back 3

molecule

Front 4

number in a chemical formula that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in compound

Back 4

subscript

Front 5

a substance that enters into a chemical reaction

Back 5

reactants

Front 6

a substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction

Back 6

products

Front 7

the principle stating that matter is not created or destroyed during a chemical reaction

Back 7

conservation of mass

Front 8

a number in front of achemical formula in an equation that indicated how many molecules or atoms of each reaaactant and product are involved in a reaction

Back 8

coefficient

Front 9

reaction that releases energy in the form of heat

Back 9

exothermic reaction

Front 10

reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat

Back 10

endothermic reaction

Front 11

amount of one material in a certain volume of another material

Back 11

concentration

Front 12

material that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy

Back 12

catalyst

Front 13

a biological catalyst that lowers the activation energy in cells

Back 13

enzyme

Front 14

meterial that decreases the rate of reaction

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inhibitor

Front 15

rapid reaction between oxygen and fuel that results in fire

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combustion

Front 16

representation of the number of valence electrons in an atom, using dots placed around the symbol of an element

Back 16

electron dot diagram

Front 17

atom or group o fatoms that has become electrically charged

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ion

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attraction between oppositely charged ions

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ionic bond

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an ion that is made up of more than one atom

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polyatomic ion

Front 20

an orderly, three dimensional pattern of ions or atoms in a solid

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crystal

Front 21

a compound consisting of molecule of covalently bonded atoms

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molecular compound

Front 22

description of a covalent bon in which electrons are shared unequally, or a molecule containing polar bonds that do not cancel out

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polar

Front 23

description of a covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally, or of a molecule containing nonplolar bonds, or polar bonds that cancel out

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nonpolar

Front 24

naturally ocurring solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition

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mineral

Front 25

an element in group 1 of the periodic table

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alkali metal

Front 26

an element in Group 2 of the periodic table

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alkali earth metal

Front 27

a mixture of two or more metals

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alloy

Front 28

a solid made up of particle that are not arranged in a regular patter

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amorphous solid

Front 29

average mass of one atom of an element

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atomic mass

Front 30

unit ised to measure the mass of particles in atoms, proton and neutron has mass of 1

Back 30

atomic mass unit (amu)

Front 31

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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atomic number

Front 32

temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas

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boiling point

Front 33

temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid

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melting point

Front 34

relationship between the pressure and volume of gas, when volume increases pressure decreases

Back 34

Boyle's law

Front 35

A- COOH group, found in organic acids

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carboxyl group

Front 36

a quality of a substance that never changes and can be used to identify the substance

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characteristic property

Front 37

relationship between the temperature and volume of gas, when temp. increases volume increase

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Charle's law

Front 38

process by which an electic current breaks chemical bonds

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electrolysis

Front 39

an - OH group, found in alcohols

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hydroxyl group

Front 40

principle that the total amount of energy remains the same during physical or chemical change

Back 40

law of conservation of energy

Front 41

description of a molecule that shows the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms

Back 41

structural formula

Front 42

a hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by atoms of other elements

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substituted hydrocarbon

Front 43

change of state from liquid to gas

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vaporization

Front 44

resistance of a liquid to flowing

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viscosity

Front 45

chemical activity/chemical bond/ chemical change/physical change

Back 45

chemical activity- characteristic property of a substance that indicates its ability to undergo a specific chemical change
chemical bond- force that holds two atoms together
chemical change- change inwhich two or more combine to form new substances
physical change- change of state not identity

Front 46

periodic table/ organization/characteristic properties/groups/metal nonmetal metalloid

Back 46

arranged by increasing atomic number, each group has similar characteristic properties such as reactiveness 17 nonmetals 7 metalloids and the rest are metals

Front 47

polymer/monomer

Back 47

a polymer is a larger molecule in the form of a chain which is made up of monomers

Front 48

compound/substance/mixture/mineral/pure substance

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mixture- two or more substance that are mixed but not chemically combined
substance- best mixed mixture
compound-two or more elements chemically combine
mineral- simple element needed bny body not organic
pure substance- made of only one kind of matter and having definite properties

Front 49

the amount of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume

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density

Front 50

carbon atoms/organic compounds/fullerene/electron

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diamonds- form of the element carbon, hardest mineral crystal on earth
fullerene- form of carbon that consists of of carbon atoms arranged in a repeating pattern similar to soccer ball
organic compounds- most compounds that contain carbon

Front 51

chemical reaction/ equation/ formula

Back 51

reaction- process in which substances undergo chemical changes, forming new substances
equation- short easier way way to show chemical reactions, using symbols
formula- combination of symbols that represent elements in a compound

Front 52

chemical bonds/ionic/ covalent/double

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chemical bond- force that holds two atoms together
ionic- attraction between two oppositely charged ions
covalent- bond formed when two atoms share electrons
double- when atoms share 2 pairs of electrons

Front 53

ions/charge/gaining and losing electrons

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when an atom loses an electron it becomes a positive ion, when it gains one it becomes a negative ion

Front 54

crystals/ions

Back 54

crystals- an orderly, three dimensional pattern of ions or atoms in a solid
ions are attracted to other ions with an opposite charge

Front 55

crystals/ions

Back 55

crystals- an orderly, three dimensional pattern of ions or atoms in a solid
ions are attracted to other ions with an opposite charge