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103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are examples of characteristic properties?
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chemical activity
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What are the "best mixed" mixtures?
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solutions
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Unlike physical changes, what happens in a chemical change?
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forms a new substance
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What is involved in the method used to release iron metal from its ore?
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heating the ore and carbon together
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What is a substance with a definite volume but no definite shape called?
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liquid
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What does a gas do when it is put into a container?
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expand
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According to Boyle's law, what happens to the pressure when the volume of a gas increases?
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the pressure decreases
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What does the vertical axis of a graph of gas behavior show?
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responding variable
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What is lighting a match an example of?
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chemical change
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What are the elements of the current periodic table arranged according to?
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atomic number
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What is a horizontal row of the periodic table called?
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period
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What is the number of valence electrons for each carbon atom?
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four
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What do all organic compounds contain?
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carbon
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What are the monomers in complex carbohydrates?
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sugars
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What is cholesterol?
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type of lipid
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What is a landform that has high elevation but low relief?
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plateau
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Which of Earth's four spheres extends into all of the others?
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biosphere
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What does latitude measure?
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distance north or south of the equator
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What would mapmakers use to show the continents without distorting their relative sizes and shapes?
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equal area projection
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What does it mean if contour lines on a slope are spaced close together?
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very steep
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What measures a landform's height above sea level?
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elevation
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What is the most important force of mechanical weathering in cool climates?
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freezing and thawing of water
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What is most chemical weathering caused by?
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water
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what is one of the best types of soil for farming?
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prarie soil
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What is the movement of rock particles by wind, water, or ice called?
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erosion
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In what type of climate does weathering occur the fastest?
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wet
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What is the decayed organic material in soil called?
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humus
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What produces chemicals that digest plant remains?
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fungi
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What are the eroded materials carried by water or wind called?
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sediment
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What is the dwonhill movement of eroded materials called?
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mass movement
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What is the downhill movement of eroded materials called?
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till
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Where do waves concentrate their energy when they strike a shoreline?
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headlands
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What is the erosion of sediments by wind called?
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deflation
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What is the process by which sediment in water settles in new locations called?
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deposition
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What type of energy is moving water?
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kinetic energy
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What is the looplike bend in the course of a river called?
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meander
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What is a hollow area in sediment in the shape of all or part of an organism called?
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mold
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What is a gap in geologic formed when sedimentary rocks cover an erosion surface called?
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uncomformity
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What does a radioactive element release when it decays?
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particles in energy
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What are eras in geologic time subdivided into?
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periods
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What is an animal that doesnt have a backbone called?
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invertebrate
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What is a dinosaur footprint in rock an example of?
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trace fossils
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What is the absolute age of a rock?
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the exact number of years since the rock was formed.
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What is the time required for half of the atoms of a radioactive element to decay called?
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half-life
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What era if often called the Age of Reptiles?
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mesozioc
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What is a group of similar cells that perform a similar function called?
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tissue
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What is the control center of the cell?
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nucleus
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Which type of tissue is blood?
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connective tissue
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What type of tissue makes parts of your body move?
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muscle tissur
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Which system carries needed materials to the body cells?
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circulatory system
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Which system carries needed materials to the body cells?
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circulatory system
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When you feel good about yourself, what type of health is that?
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mental health
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Where are blood cells produced?
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marrow
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What joints only allow forward and backward movement?
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hinge joint
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What is an injury in which the ligaments are overstretched and tear called?
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sprain
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What muscles help the skeleton move?
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skeletal muscles
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Which structures help to maintain body tempature?
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sweat glands
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What is spongy bone filled with?
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marrow
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What is the connective tissue that connects the bones in a movable joint called?
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ligament
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What type of injury is an x-ray commonly used to diagnose?
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skeletal injury
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WHat is another term for skeletal muscle?
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straited muscle
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Which nutrient makes up about 65 percent of the body's weight?
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water
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Where does most mechanical digestion take place?
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stomach
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What does the enzyme in saliva chemically break down?
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starches
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What produces bile?
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liver
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IN which intestine are most materials absorbed into the bloodstream?
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small intestine
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What are the heart's upper chambers called?
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atria
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In which chamber does oxygen-rich blood enter the heart?
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left atrium
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What do platelets do?
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help control bleeding, form blood clots
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Which blood cells contain hemoglobin?
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red blood cells
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Which types of blood can a person with type B blood recieve in a transfusion?
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type B and type O
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What is the process in which glucose and oygen react in cells to release energy called?
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respiration
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What are the two tubes in which the trachea divides into called?
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bronchi
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What is the disease in which the respiratory passages become narrower than normal called?
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bronchitis
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What two things does normal urine contain?
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urea and water
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What are the clusters of air sacs in the lungs called?
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alveoli
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What chemical in tobacco smoke makes the heart beat faster?
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nicotine
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What type of organs are the lungs?
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excretory organs
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What are some of the poisons that some pathogenic bacteria produce?
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toxins
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What are antibodies produced by?
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B cells
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Which disease is caused by HIV?
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AIDS
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What does a carcinogen cause?
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cancer
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What does ozone in the atmosphere absorb?
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ultraviolet light
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How can people get Lyme disease?
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animal bites
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What engulfs pathogens and destroys them?
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phagocytes
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What type of immunity do vaccinations produce?
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active
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What is a tumor?
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a mass of tissue cells
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What is a change or signal in the envirenment that makes the nervous system react called?
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stimulous
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What are the structures that carry messages toward a nueron's cell body?
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dentrites
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WHich structure links the brain and the peripheral nervous system?
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spinal cord
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What structure adjusts the size of the pupil?
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iris
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What part of the brain controls involuntary actions?
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brain stem
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What is it called when a person cannot see nearby objects clearly?
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far-sighted
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What are three bones of the middle ear?
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hammar, anil, and stirrup
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What structure links the nervous system and the endocrine system?
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hypothalemist
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What are the male sex cells?
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sperm
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What is the release of an egg from an ovary called?
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ovulation
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What are two individuals that develop from the same zygote called?
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identical twins
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In which stage do sex organs develop rapidly?
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puberty
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WHich gland produces adrenaline?
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adrenal glands
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What are the female reproductive glands called?
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ovaries
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What is the joining of a sperm and an egg called?
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fertilization
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What system controls the physical changes of an adolescent?
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endocrine system
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